Association between COX-2 rs 6681231 Genotype and Interleukin-6 in Periodontal Connective Tissue. A Pilot Study

Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of this pilot study was to investigate associations between IL-6 and COX-2 expression in gingival biopsies and both clinical diagnosis and genotypes in the IL-6 and COX-2 genes.DesignA case-control study included 41 gingival biopsies obtained from Caucasian patients grouped according to clinical diagnosis of gingival health (n = 10), gingivitis (n = 15) or chronic periodontitis (n = 16). Immunohistochemistry analyses were performed to determine COX-2 expression in lamina propria, IL-6 expression in lamina propria and gingival epithelium and level of inflammatory cell infiltrate. Individual DNA was extracted and genotyped by real-time PCR for IL6 SNPs rs 2069827 and rs 2069825 and for COX-2 rs 6681231.ResultsThe percentage of cellular COX-2 expression was associated with the extent of periodontal disease (Arbes index p = 0.026) and inflammatory infiltrate (p<0.0001). No association was observed between IL6 haplotypes and cells positive to IL-6 or COX-2 in gingival tissues. The COX-2 rs 6681231 was associated with cells positive to IL-6 in the connective tissue (p = 0.032).ConclusionsCOX-2 expression in gingival tissues may be a marker of periodontal disease severity. COX-2 rs 6681231 may be associated with IL-6 local production in gingival tissues.

Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: Cross-seccional study in gingival tissue

“…In previous studies, a high immunoexpression of COX-2 was observed, with no absence of immunostaining in the analyzed cases (20)(21)(22)(23). The present research diverges from these results since, in some cases, there was no immunostaining for COX-2.…”

“…The in ammatory in ltrate induces the metabolism of arachidonic acid in epithelial, endothelial cells, macrophages, and broblasts and, consequently, the production of PGE2 through the cyclooxygenase pathway and action of COX-2. COX-2 is an enzyme that mediates in ammatory effects and has been identi ed as a key mediator in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, with an absent or low expression pattern in healthy tissues and an increase in in amed tissues (20)(21)(22)(23). In the present study, there was a signi cant increase in the immunoexpression of this protein in cases with intense in ammatory in ltrate.…”

“…We believe that the lower intensity or absence of this immunostaining is due to the lower intensity of the in ammatory in ltrate observed in some cases. In the study performed by Mesa et al, (2014) (22), positive epithelial immunostaining for COX-2 was found only in gingival tissues obtained in sites with periodontal disease and, consequently, bone resorption.…”

Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: Cross-seccional study in gingival tissue

“…In previous studies, a high immunoexpression of COX-2 was observed, with no absence of immunostaining in the analyzed cases (20)(21)(22)(23). The present research diverges from these results since, in some cases, there was no immunostaining for COX-2.…”

“…The in ammatory in ltrate induces the metabolism of arachidonic acid in epithelial, endothelial cells, macrophages, and broblasts and, consequently, the production of PGE2 through the cyclooxygenase pathway and action of COX-2. COX-2 is an enzyme that mediates in ammatory effects and has been identi ed as a key mediator in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, with an absent or low expression pattern in healthy tissues and an increase in in amed tissues (20)(21)(22)(23). In the present study, there was a signi cant increase in the immunoexpression of this protein in cases with intense in ammatory in ltrate.…”

“…We believe that the lower intensity or absence of this immunostaining is due to the lower intensity of the in ammatory in ltrate observed in some cases. In the study performed by Mesa et al, (2014) (22), positive epithelial immunostaining for COX-2 was found only in gingival tissues obtained in sites with periodontal disease and, consequently, bone resorption.…”

COX2 and NOS3 gene polymorphisms in women with gestational diabetes

“…In recent study, it was shown that the CC COX2 rs6681231 genotype was not correlated with COX2 expression itself; however, in periodontal connective tissue, it was associated with the number of cells that are positive to IL-6. 44 The results of the present study suggest that that the CC genotype of the COX2 rs6681231 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of GDM and the need for insulin therapy, whereas the TT genotype of the NOS3 rs1799983 polymorphism may be associated with the need for insulin therapy in women with GDM, although this hypothesis requires further investigation.…”

“…have indicated that COX2 gene polymorphism is a risk factor for incident stroke in African Americans. In recent study, it was shown that the CC COX2 rs6681231 genotype was not correlated with COX2 expression itself; however, in periodontal connective tissue, it was associated with the number of cells that are positive to IL‐6 …”

Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: Cross-seccional study in gingival tissue

“…In previous studies, a high immunoexpression of COX-2 was observed, with no absence of immunostaining in the analyzed cases (20)(21)(22)(23). The present research diverges from these results since, in some cases, there was no immunostaining for COX-2.…”

“…The in ammatory in ltrate induces the metabolism of arachidonic acid in epithelial, endothelial cells, macrophages, and broblasts and, consequently, the production of PGE2 through the cyclooxygenase pathway and action of COX-2. COX-2 is an enzyme that mediates in ammatory effects and has been identi ed as a key mediator in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, with an absent or low expression pattern in healthy tissues and an increase in in amed tissues (20)(21)(22)(23). In the present study, there was a signi cant increase in the immunoexpression of this protein in cases with intense in ammatory in ltrate.…”

“…We believe that the lower intensity or absence of this immunostaining is due to the lower intensity of the in ammatory in ltrate observed in some cases. In the study performed by Mesa et al, (2014) (22), positive epithelial immunostaining for COX-2 was found only in gingival tissues obtained in sites with periodontal disease and, consequently, bone resorption.…”

COX2 and NOS3 gene polymorphisms in women with gestational diabetes

“…In recent study, it was shown that the CC COX2 rs6681231 genotype was not correlated with COX2 expression itself; however, in periodontal connective tissue, it was associated with the number of cells that are positive to IL-6. 44 The results of the present study suggest that that the CC genotype of the COX2 rs6681231 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of GDM and the need for insulin therapy, whereas the TT genotype of the NOS3 rs1799983 polymorphism may be associated with the need for insulin therapy in women with GDM, although this hypothesis requires further investigation.…”

“…have indicated that COX2 gene polymorphism is a risk factor for incident stroke in African Americans. In recent study, it was shown that the CC COX2 rs6681231 genotype was not correlated with COX2 expression itself; however, in periodontal connective tissue, it was associated with the number of cells that are positive to IL‐6 …”

Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: Cross-seccional study in gingival tissue

“…In previous studies, a high immunoexpression of COX-2 was observed, with no absence of immunostaining in the analyzed cases (20)(21)(22)(23). The present research diverges from these results since, in some cases, there was no immunostaining for COX-2.…”

“…The in ammatory in ltrate induces the metabolism of arachidonic acid in epithelial, endothelial cells, macrophages, and broblasts and, consequently, the production of PGE2 through the cyclooxygenase pathway and action of COX-2. COX-2 is an enzyme that mediates in ammatory effects and has been identi ed as a key mediator in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, with an absent or low expression pattern in healthy tissues and an increase in in amed tissues (20)(21)(22)(23). In the present study, there was a signi cant increase in the immunoexpression of this protein in cases with intense in ammatory in ltrate.…”

“…We believe that the lower intensity or absence of this immunostaining is due to the lower intensity of the in ammatory in ltrate observed in some cases. In the study performed by Mesa et al, (2014) (22), positive epithelial immunostaining for COX-2 was found only in gingival tissues obtained in sites with periodontal disease and, consequently, bone resorption.…”

COX2 and NOS3 gene polymorphisms in women with gestational diabetes

“…In recent study, it was shown that the CC COX2 rs6681231 genotype was not correlated with COX2 expression itself; however, in periodontal connective tissue, it was associated with the number of cells that are positive to IL-6. 44 The results of the present study suggest that that the CC genotype of the COX2 rs6681231 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of GDM and the need for insulin therapy, whereas the TT genotype of the NOS3 rs1799983 polymorphism may be associated with the need for insulin therapy in women with GDM, although this hypothesis requires further investigation.…”

“…have indicated that COX2 gene polymorphism is a risk factor for incident stroke in African Americans. In recent study, it was shown that the CC COX2 rs6681231 genotype was not correlated with COX2 expression itself; however, in periodontal connective tissue, it was associated with the number of cells that are positive to IL‐6 …”