Arginine availability, arginase, and the immune response

Abstract

The availability of arginine during critical illness may be regulated by arginase activity. Thus, arginase expression appears to be essential in the regulation of the cellular immune response and the inflammatory process during critical illness.

Arginase-1 Deficiency Regulates Arginine Concentrations and NOS2-Mediated NO Production during Endotoxemia

“…Normally, arginase-1 is considered to compete with NOS2 for their mutual substrate arginine [3], [15], [49], [50] and is indirect capable of regulating NOS2 translation and expression by controlling this substrate availability, especially in the endothelium and in immune-modulating cells such as macrophages [6], [7]. As observed in our study, endothelial and macrophage arginase-1 deficiency resulted in an enhanced plasma arginine concentration during basal conditions.…”

Arginase-1 Deficiency Regulates Arginine Concentrations and NOS2-Mediated NO Production during Endotoxemia

“…Normally, arginase-1 is considered to compete with NOS2 for their mutual substrate arginine [3], [15], [49], [50] and is indirect capable of regulating NOS2 translation and expression by controlling this substrate availability, especially in the endothelium and in immune-modulating cells such as macrophages [6], [7]. As observed in our study, endothelial and macrophage arginase-1 deficiency resulted in an enhanced plasma arginine concentration during basal conditions.…”

Dual transcriptome analysis reveals differential gene expression modulation influenced by Leishmania arginase and host genetic background

“…Macrophages require exogenous arginine to proliferate and fulfil their metabolic needs. Therefore, the uptake of this amino acid may be a key regulatory step for physiological responses [54]. In this work, we observed the upregulation of slc7a1 , which may indicate a host response to the absence of parasite arginase, since slc7a1 encodes for the cationic amino acid transporter 1 (CAT1), which exhibits high affinity for arginine and has a major role in arginine homeostasis.…”

Arginine–Nitric Oxide–Polyamine Metabolism in Periodontal Disease

“…Even though the differences were not statistically significant, salivary ODC levels in both the gingivitis and periodontitis groups were increased after treatment. Increase in ODC may cause an increase in polyamines, which are essential for cellular proliferation and collagen production in wound healing 32 . Thus, increased salivary arginase and ODC levels in the patients with periodontitis in our study may indicate the healing process initiated by periodontal treatment.…”

Arginase-1 Deficiency Regulates Arginine Concentrations and NOS2-Mediated NO Production during Endotoxemia

“…Normally, arginase-1 is considered to compete with NOS2 for their mutual substrate arginine [3], [15], [49], [50] and is indirect capable of regulating NOS2 translation and expression by controlling this substrate availability, especially in the endothelium and in immune-modulating cells such as macrophages [6], [7]. As observed in our study, endothelial and macrophage arginase-1 deficiency resulted in an enhanced plasma arginine concentration during basal conditions.…”

Dual transcriptome analysis reveals differential gene expression modulation influenced by Leishmania arginase and host genetic background

“…Macrophages require exogenous arginine to proliferate and fulfil their metabolic needs. Therefore, the uptake of this amino acid may be a key regulatory step for physiological responses [54]. In this work, we observed the upregulation of slc7a1 , which may indicate a host response to the absence of parasite arginase, since slc7a1 encodes for the cationic amino acid transporter 1 (CAT1), which exhibits high affinity for arginine and has a major role in arginine homeostasis.…”

Arginine–Nitric Oxide–Polyamine Metabolism in Periodontal Disease

“…Even though the differences were not statistically significant, salivary ODC levels in both the gingivitis and periodontitis groups were increased after treatment. Increase in ODC may cause an increase in polyamines, which are essential for cellular proliferation and collagen production in wound healing 32 . Thus, increased salivary arginase and ODC levels in the patients with periodontitis in our study may indicate the healing process initiated by periodontal treatment.…”

Arginase-1 Deficiency Regulates Arginine Concentrations and NOS2-Mediated NO Production during Endotoxemia

“…Normally, arginase-1 is considered to compete with NOS2 for their mutual substrate arginine [3], [15], [49], [50] and is indirect capable of regulating NOS2 translation and expression by controlling this substrate availability, especially in the endothelium and in immune-modulating cells such as macrophages [6], [7]. As observed in our study, endothelial and macrophage arginase-1 deficiency resulted in an enhanced plasma arginine concentration during basal conditions.…”

Dual transcriptome analysis reveals differential gene expression modulation influenced by Leishmania arginase and host genetic background

“…Macrophages require exogenous arginine to proliferate and fulfil their metabolic needs. Therefore, the uptake of this amino acid may be a key regulatory step for physiological responses [54]. In this work, we observed the upregulation of slc7a1 , which may indicate a host response to the absence of parasite arginase, since slc7a1 encodes for the cationic amino acid transporter 1 (CAT1), which exhibits high affinity for arginine and has a major role in arginine homeostasis.…”

Arginine–Nitric Oxide–Polyamine Metabolism in Periodontal Disease

“…Even though the differences were not statistically significant, salivary ODC levels in both the gingivitis and periodontitis groups were increased after treatment. Increase in ODC may cause an increase in polyamines, which are essential for cellular proliferation and collagen production in wound healing 32 . Thus, increased salivary arginase and ODC levels in the patients with periodontitis in our study may indicate the healing process initiated by periodontal treatment.…”