Advancements and challenges on SERS-based multimodal biosensors for biotoxin detection

AI-Assisted Molecular Biosensors: Design Strategies for Wearable and Real-Time Monitoring

“…Advanced plasmonic probes strengthened SERS detection with enhanced stability, sensitivity and accuracy in complex biosamples [ 93 ]. However, spectral complexity, including non-linearity, high-dimensional data and overlapping peaks, hampered interpretation and clinical implementation [ 92 , 94 ]. Recently, incorporating AI into complex SERS spectrum analysis addressed the above challenges, thereby automating spectral decomposition, dimensionality reduction and signal-noise differentiation.…”

AI-Assisted Molecular Biosensors: Design Strategies for Wearable and Real-Time Monitoring

“…Advanced plasmonic probes strengthened SERS detection with enhanced stability, sensitivity and accuracy in complex biosamples [ 93 ]. However, spectral complexity, including non-linearity, high-dimensional data and overlapping peaks, hampered interpretation and clinical implementation [ 92 , 94 ]. Recently, incorporating AI into complex SERS spectrum analysis addressed the above challenges, thereby automating spectral decomposition, dimensionality reduction and signal-noise differentiation.…”

Trends and Advances in Wearable Plasmonic Sensors Utilizing Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS): A Comprehensive Review

“…Without these elements, wearable SERS technology remains limited to flexible or portable implementations rather than true wearables capable of autonomous, real-time analysis. Addressing these challenges is crucial for advancing wearable SERS sensors from laboratory research to practical, real-world applications [ 141 ].…”

Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Food Contaminants

“…Advances in nanotechnology have further facilitated functional nanomaterial design. These nanomaterials can amplify SERS signals, enhance detection sensitivity, and expand applicability to complex real samples [ 87 , 88 ]. Owing to these attributes, SERS has emerged as a promising tool for detecting biotoxins such as mycotoxins, microcystins, and tetrodotoxin.…”

AI-Assisted Molecular Biosensors: Design Strategies for Wearable and Real-Time Monitoring

“…Advanced plasmonic probes strengthened SERS detection with enhanced stability, sensitivity and accuracy in complex biosamples [ 93 ]. However, spectral complexity, including non-linearity, high-dimensional data and overlapping peaks, hampered interpretation and clinical implementation [ 92 , 94 ]. Recently, incorporating AI into complex SERS spectrum analysis addressed the above challenges, thereby automating spectral decomposition, dimensionality reduction and signal-noise differentiation.…”

Trends and Advances in Wearable Plasmonic Sensors Utilizing Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS): A Comprehensive Review

“…Without these elements, wearable SERS technology remains limited to flexible or portable implementations rather than true wearables capable of autonomous, real-time analysis. Addressing these challenges is crucial for advancing wearable SERS sensors from laboratory research to practical, real-world applications [ 141 ].…”

Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Food Contaminants

“…Advances in nanotechnology have further facilitated functional nanomaterial design. These nanomaterials can amplify SERS signals, enhance detection sensitivity, and expand applicability to complex real samples [ 87 , 88 ]. Owing to these attributes, SERS has emerged as a promising tool for detecting biotoxins such as mycotoxins, microcystins, and tetrodotoxin.…”

AI-Assisted Molecular Biosensors: Design Strategies for Wearable and Real-Time Monitoring

“…Advanced plasmonic probes strengthened SERS detection with enhanced stability, sensitivity and accuracy in complex biosamples [ 93 ]. However, spectral complexity, including non-linearity, high-dimensional data and overlapping peaks, hampered interpretation and clinical implementation [ 92 , 94 ]. Recently, incorporating AI into complex SERS spectrum analysis addressed the above challenges, thereby automating spectral decomposition, dimensionality reduction and signal-noise differentiation.…”

Trends and Advances in Wearable Plasmonic Sensors Utilizing Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS): A Comprehensive Review

“…Without these elements, wearable SERS technology remains limited to flexible or portable implementations rather than true wearables capable of autonomous, real-time analysis. Addressing these challenges is crucial for advancing wearable SERS sensors from laboratory research to practical, real-world applications [ 141 ].…”

Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Food Contaminants

“…Advances in nanotechnology have further facilitated functional nanomaterial design. These nanomaterials can amplify SERS signals, enhance detection sensitivity, and expand applicability to complex real samples [ 87 , 88 ]. Owing to these attributes, SERS has emerged as a promising tool for detecting biotoxins such as mycotoxins, microcystins, and tetrodotoxin.…”