Exercise Training for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Marwick, Thomas H.; Hordern, Matthew D.; Miller, Todd D.; Chyun, Deborah; Bertoni, Alain G.; Blumenthal, Roger S.; Philippides, George J.; Rocchini, Albert P.

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.192521

Cited by 305 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 195 publications

(170 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

131

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…53 Further evidence is needed to support screening for SMI, which may be carried out in those at very high risk (with evidence of PAD, high CAC score or proteinuria), and in subjects who wish to start exercise programmes. 54 In patients with SMI, coronary revascularization may be proposed on an individual basis. However the cost-effectiveness of this strategy needs evaluation.…”

Section: Risk Assessment Based On Biomarkers and Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD – Summary

diabetes

Rydén

Grant

et al. 2014

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Risk Assessment Based On Biomarkers and Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD – Summary

diabetes

Rydén

Grant

et al. 2014

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Physical activity may improve cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. blood pressure, lipid profile and body composition) [9][10][11][12] and people with a normal BMI have better glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure and lipid profile than their obese counterparts [13][14][15][16]. Thus, it is likely that the beneficial effects of physical activity and maintaining a normal body weight are explained by the sum of improvements in cardiovascular risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical activity can improve glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity as well as conventional cardiovascular risk factors such as blood pressure and blood lipids [9][10][11][12]. Correspondingly, people with a BMI<25 kg/m 2 have better glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure and lipid profile than their overweight or obese counterparts [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adverse association of diabetes with risk of first acute myocardial infarction is modified by physical activity and body mass index: prospective data from the HUNT Study, Norway

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis Diabetes increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and effective means for primary prevention are warranted. We prospectively examined the joint association of diabetes and leisure-time physical activity, as well as of diabetes and BMI, with the risk of AMI. Methods A total of 55,534 men and women in the Norwegian HUNT Study were followed-up for first AMI by hospital admission registries and the Cause of Death Registry. Cox proportional adjusted HRs with 95% CIs were estimated. Results Overall, 1,887 incident AMIs occurred during 12.3 years. Compared with inactive people without diabetes, inactive people with diabetes had an HR of 2.37 (95% CI 1.58, 3.57), whereas the HR among highly active persons with diabetes was 1.04 (95% CI 0.62, 1.74). Normal-weight (BMI 18.5-25 kg/m 2 ) persons with diabetes had an HR of 1.60 (95% CI 1.05, 2.44) and obese (BMI>30 kg/m 2 ) persons with diabetes had an HR of 2.55 (95% CI 1.97, 3.29) compared with normal-weight persons without diabetes. The data suggest biological interaction between diabetes and physical activity, with a relative excess risk of inactivity and diabetes of 1.43 (95% CI 0.08, 2.78). For obesity and diabetes, the excess risk due to interaction was smaller (0.67; 95% CI −0.24, 1.58). Conclusions/interpretation Body weight and, in particular, physical activity modified the association between diabetes and risk of first AMI. This highlights the potential importance of physical activity and weight maintenance in primary prevention of AMI among people with diabetes.

show abstract

“…11 The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends that individuals with type 2 diabetes perform at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training (ET) or at least 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic ET per week. 12 However, a recent population-based study found that only 28 % of people with type 2 diabetes achieve these recommendations. 13 The majority of people with type 2 diabetes have low PA. As a proof of this statement, a US study of 23,263 adults found that 39 % of adults with type 2 diabetes were physically active versus 58 % of adults without type 2 diabetes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, many organisations recommend the combination of aerobic and resistance ET in all adults with type 2 diabetes. 12,55,62 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise is Medicine—The Importance of Physical Activity, Exercise Training, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Obesity in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Lavie¹,

Johannsen

Swift

et al. 2014

European Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 2 diabetes has reached epidemic proportions worldwide and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality. Diet and physical activity (PA)-based lifestyle interventions have been shown to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes in patients at high risk. Regular PA substantially reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes and a high level of PA is associated with a substantial reduction in type 2 diabetes risk. In addition, there is strong evidence suggesting a steep inverse relationship between both PA and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Of particular concern is the dramatic, steep increase in mortality among patients with low CRF. An important point is that obese individuals who are at least moderately fit have a lower mortality risk than those who are normal weight but unfit. A large body of evidence demonstrates that exercise improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes; the greatest improvements are achieved with combined aerobic and resistance training. A primary goal of public health strategies is to promote PA and move patients out of the least fit, highrisk cohort by increasing PA among the least active. Any plan to deal with the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes must give major attention to low PA and how this can be reversed in the general population. KeywordsFitness, mortality, physical activity, exercise, type 2 diabetes 1 In 2012, type 2 diabetes imposed direct and indirect costs of an estimated $245 billion in the US.2 It is estimated that low levels of physical activity (PA) causes 7 % of the global burden of disease from type 2 diabetes, and that inactivity causes more deaths than smoking. 3In addition to type 2 diabetes, low PA has been demonstrated to contribute to obesity, coronary heart disease (CHD)/myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, hypertension (HTN), dyslipidaemia, osteoporosis and cancer (colon, breast and bowel). 4,5 As a result, sedentary lifestyles are one of the most significant public health problems of the 21st century. Low PA was directly responsible for 3 % of disability adjusted life-years in the UK in 2002.6 Furthermore, it has been estimated that low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was the cause of approximately 16 % of deaths in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, which was more than the combined number of deaths due to smoking, obesity and diabetes in this population.7 Despite the known risks of low PA, there have been substantial declines in PA over the past decades. Over the last 50 years in the US, it has been estimated that daily occupation-related PA has decreased by more than 100 calories, 8 and household management PA has fallen by well over this amount.9 In addition to the effects of PA on morbidity and mortality, there are clear economic reasons to improve PA: a US cohort study (8,000 health plan members and national population percentage estimates derived from the National Health Interview Survey) found that low PA, overweight and obesity were associated with 23 % of ...

show abstract

Exercise Training for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 305 publications

References 195 publications

ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD – Summary

ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD – Summary

The adverse association of diabetes with risk of first acute myocardial infarction is modified by physical activity and body mass index: prospective data from the HUNT Study, Norway

Exercise is Medicine—The Importance of Physical Activity, Exercise Training, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Obesity in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About