Hidden diversity in <i>Thyridaria</i> and a new circumscription of the <i>Thyridariaceae</i>

Jaklitsch, Walter M.; Voglmayr, Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2016.09.002

Cited by 63 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Although the phylogenetic placement of the type species of Monodictys , M. putredinis , remains unclear, this species was reported as the asexual morph of Ohleria brasilensis (Samuels 1980). Ohleria was recently included in the Ohleriaceae, Pleosporales (Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2016), which is distant from the M. capensis clade. Our results agree with the phylogeny presented by Tanaka et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although molecular data for the type species of Monodictys are not available, based on culture methods, M. putredinis has been reported as the asexual morph of Ohleria brasiliensis (Samuels 1980). Recently, Ohleria was included in the pleosporalean family Ohleriaceae (Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2016). Phylogenetic reassessment of species in Monodictys and related sexual genera, including types, is needed to clarify the taxonomy of this genus.…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny of saprobic microfungi from Southern Europe

Hernández-Restrepo¹,

Gené²,

Castañeda-Ruíz³

et al. 2017

Studies in Mycology

123

160

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During a survey of saprophytic microfungi on decomposing woody, herbaceous debris and soil from different regions in Southern Europe, a wide range of interesting species of asexual ascomycetes were found. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial gene sequences of SSU, LSU and ITS proved that most of these fungi were related to Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes and to lesser extent to Leotiomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. Four new monotypic orders with their respective families are proposed here, i.e. Lauriomycetales, Lauriomycetaceae; Parasympodiellales, Parasympodiellaceae; Vermiculariopsiellales, Vermiculariopsiellaceae and Xenospadicoidales, Xenospadicoidaceae. One new order and three families are introduced here to accommodate orphan taxa, viz. Kirschsteiniotheliales, Castanediellaceae, Leptodontidiaceae and Pleomonodictydaceae. Furthermore, Bloxamiaceae is validated. Based on morphology and phylogenetic affinities Diplococcium singulare, Trichocladium opacum and Spadicoides atra are moved to the new genera Paradiplococcium, Pleotrichocladium and Xenospadicoides, respectively. Helicoon fuscosporum is accommodated in the genus Magnohelicospora. Other novel genera include Neoascotaiwania with the type species N. terrestris sp. nov., and N. limnetica comb. nov. previously accommodated in Ascotaiwania; Pleomonodictys with P. descalsii sp. nov. as type species, and P. capensis comb. nov. previously accommodated in Monodictys; Anapleurothecium typified by A. botulisporum sp. nov., a fungus morphologically similar to Pleurothecium but phylogenetically distant; Fuscosclera typified by F. lignicola sp. nov., a meristematic fungus related to Leotiomycetes; Pseudodiplococcium typified by P. ibericum sp. nov. to accommodate an isolate previously identified as Diplococcium pulneyense; Xyladictyochaeta typified with X. lusitanica sp. nov., a foliicolous fungus related to Xylariales and similar to Dictyochaeta, but distinguished by polyphialidic conidiogenous cells produced on setiform conidiophores. Other novel species proposed are Brachysporiella navarrica, Catenulostroma lignicola, Cirrenalia iberica, Conioscypha pleiomorpha, Leptodontidium aureum, Pirozynskiella laurisilvatica, Parasympodiella lauri and Zanclospora iberica. To fix the application of some fungal names, lectotypes and/or epitypes are designated for Magnohelicospora iberica, Sporidesmium trigonellum, Sporidesmium opacum, Sporidesmium asperum, Camposporium aquaticum and Psilonia atra.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny of saprobic microfungi from Southern Europe

Hernández-Restrepo¹,

Gené²,

Castañeda-Ruíz³

et al. 2017

Studies in Mycology

123

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Pleosporalean species are characterised by pseudothecial ascomata usually with a papilla and a peridium composed of several layers of cells (Zhang et al 2009, 2012, Hyde et al 2013, Jaklitsch and Voglmayr 2016, Jaklitsch et al 2017). Asci are bitunicate, usually fissitunicate and produced within a persistent hamathecium with or without pseudoparaphyses (Ariyawansa et al 2013, 2014, 2015, Hyde et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asci are bitunicate, usually fissitunicate and produced within a persistent hamathecium with or without pseudoparaphyses (Ariyawansa et al 2013, 2014, 2015, Hyde et al 2013). Ascospores are generally septate but vary in colour and shape, with or without a gelatinous sheath (Zhang et al 2009, 2012, Hyde et al 2013, Jaklitsch and Voglmayr 2016, Jaklitsch et al 2017). Asexual morphs can be coelomycetous or hyphomycetous (Zhang et al 2009, 2012, Hyde et al 2013, Ariyawansa et al 2014, 2015, Hernández-Restrepo et al 2017, Valenzuela-Lopez et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tzeananiaceae, a new pleosporalean family associated with Ophiocordyceps macroacicularis fruiting bodies in Taiwan

Ariyawansa¹,

Phillips²,

Chuang³

et al. 2018

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The order Pleosporales comprises a miscellaneous group of fungi and is considered to be the largest order of the class Dothideomycetes. The circumscription of Pleosporales has undergone numerous changes in recent years due to the addition of large numbers of families reported from various habitats and with a large amount of morphological variation. Many asexual genera have been reported in Pleosporales and can be either hyphomycetes or coelomycetes. Phoma-like taxa are common and have been shown to be polyphyletic within the order and allied with several sexual genera. During the exploration of biodiversity of pleosporalean fungi in Taiwan, a fungal strain was isolated from mycelium growing on the fruiting body of an Ophiocordyceps species. Fruiting structures that developed on PDA were morphologically similar to Phoma and its relatives in having pycnidial conidiomata with hyaline conidia. The fungus is characterised by holoblastic, cylindrical, aseptate conidiogenous cells and cylindrical, hyaline, aseptate, guttulated, thin-walled conidia. Phylogenetic analysis based on six genes, ITS, LSU, rpb2, SSU, tef1 and tub2, produced a phylogenetic tree with the newly generated sequences grouping in a distinct clade separate from all of the known families. Therefore, a new pleosporalean family Tzeananiaceae is established to accommodate the monotypic genus Tzeanania and the species T.taiwanensis in Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes. The Ophiocordyceps species was identified as O.macroacicularis and this is a new record in Taiwan.

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“…(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13); and various species of Exophiala (Chaetothyriales) (14). Two further poorly sporulating or nonsporulating dematiaceous fungi, Rhytidhysteron rufulum (Hysteriales) and Parathyridaria (previously Roussoella) percutanea (Thyridariaceae), have also recently been described from subcutaneous mycetoma-like infections in humans, although grain and sinus tract formation has not been reported to date (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Since a number of recent studies have reported significant species-specific differences in antifungal susceptibility (13,(20)(21)(22)(23), the accurate identification of the causative agents of eumycetoma and related subcutaneous phaeohyphomycoses is likely to be paramount in directing appropriate antifungal interventions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Robust Identification of the Agents of Black-Grain Mycetoma by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

2017

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Eumycetoma, a chronic fungal infection endemic in India, Indonesia, and parts of Africa and South and Central America, follows traumatic implantation of saprophytic fungi and frequently requires radical surgery or amputation in the absence of appropriate treatment. Fungal species that can cause black-grain mycetomas include Madurella spp., Falciformispora spp., Trematosphaeria grisea, Nigrograna mackinnonii, Pseudochaetosphaeronema larense, Medicopsis romeroi, and Emarellia spp. Rhytidhysteron rufulum and Parathyridaria percutanea cause similar subcutaneous infections, but these infections lack the draining sinuses and fungal grains characteristic of eumycetoma. Accurate identification of the agents of subcutaneous fungal infection is essential to guide appropriate antifungal therapy. Since phenotypic identification of the causative fungi is often difficult, time-consuming molecular approaches are currently required. In the study described here we evaluated whether matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry might allow the accurate identification of eumycetoma agents and related fungi. A panel of 57 organisms corresponding to 10 different species from confirmed cases of eumycetoma and subcutaneous pedal masses, previously formally identified by PCR amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), was employed. Representative isolates of each species were used to create reference MALDI-TOF spectra, which were then used for the identification of the remaining isolates in a user-blinded manner. Here, we demonstrate that MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry accurately identified all of the test isolates, with 100%, 90.4%, and 67.3% of isolates achieving log scores greater than 1.8, 1.9, and 2.0, respectively. KEYWORDS black-grain mycetoma, Madurella, Pleosporales, Trematosphaeriaceae, Emarellia, Biatriospora, Rhytidhysteron, Medicopsis, Falciformispora, Exophiala, MALDI-TOF, Pleosporales B lack-grain eumycetoma is an ancient, debilitating fungal infection that is endemic in India, Indonesia, and parts of Africa and South America (1). Disease progression is protracted and results from the traumatic implantation of pigmented saprophytic fungi, usually on exposed body sites. The disease is characterized by a chronic progressive destruction of soft tissue and adjoining structures with associated tumefaction and the formation of purosanguineous sinuses that drain fungal grains (2-5). Without appropriate treatment, the infection eventually progresses to involve the skeletal system, and clinical and mycological cure is unlikely without extensive debridement/ amputation (2-5). The extruded grains are either pale or dark (black), depending on the etiological agent (4, 5). The principal etiological agents described to date include Madurella spp. (Sordariales); a host of fungi classified in the Pleosporales, including

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Hidden diversity in Thyridaria and a new circumscription of the Thyridariaceae

Cited by 63 publications

References 47 publications

Phylogeny of saprobic microfungi from Southern Europe

Phylogeny of saprobic microfungi from Southern Europe

Tzeananiaceae, a new pleosporalean family associated with Ophiocordyceps macroacicularis fruiting bodies in Taiwan

Rapid and Robust Identification of the Agents of Black-Grain Mycetoma by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

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