In this multicenter study, TAVR achieved favorable outcomes in patients with pre-procedural CT, with the exception of high permanent pacemaker rates for all devices and shapes.

IntroductionSatellite cells can be isolated from skeletal muscle biopsies, activated to proliferating myoblast and differentiated into multinuclear myotubes in culture. These cell cultures represent an essential model system to intact human skeletal muscle, which can be modulated ex vivo. Advantages of this system include; having the most relevant genetic background to study human disease (as opposed to rodent cell cultures), the extracellular environment can be precisely controlled and the cells are not immortalized, thereby offering the possibility of studying innate characteristics of the donor. This review will focus on how human myotubes can be used as a tool to study metabolism in skeletal muscles, with a special attention to changes in muscle energy metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes.Limitations of this cell system and possible approaches to improve the current model will also be discussed.

Feng YZ, Nikolić N, Bakke SS, Kase ET, Guderud K, Hjelmesaeth J, Aas V, Rustan AC, Thoresen GH. Myotubes from lean and severely obese subjects with and without type 2 diabetes respond differently to an in vitro model of exercise.

In a web-based survey, PCPs reported misconceptions and barriers to HCC surveillance. This indicates the need for interventions, including provider education, to improve HCC surveillance effectiveness in clinical practice.

Studies were initially screened at the level of title and abstract, and then full-length reports were retrieved for detailed evaluation. Two authors independently selected articles according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles were included if they (1) reported Background-There were considerable discrepancies with regard to sex-related differences in complications and prognosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Methods and Results-The Cochrane library and PubMed online databases were searched. Articles reporting sex-specific post-transcatheter aortic valve implantation complications and mortality were identified. Two authors selected studies and extracted data independently. Random-and fixed-effects models were used depending on between-study heterogeneity. There were 27 articles, a total of 9118 patients, enrolled in our systematic review and meta-analysis, including 4176 men and 4942 women. Pooled analyses suggested considerable sex-related differences in complications and early as well as midterm outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The difference in the risk for heart block requiring permanent pacemaker implantation was noted to be significant only in the subgroup of the CoreValve-dominating studies (pooled risk ratio [RR, men versus women], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.47). Although men had significantly lower risks for major/life-threatening bleeding (pooled RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.96) and major vascular complications (pooled RR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.37-0.66), they had poorer prognosis. In fact, male sex was associated with significantly higher risks for deaths at both 30 days (RR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.07-1.76) and 1 year (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.14-1.49). Conclusions-Although men had lower risks for major/life-threatening bleeding and major vascular complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation, they had less favorable short-term and midterm survival. (Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2013;6:543-551.)

Background and aimsPhysical activity has preventive as well as therapeutic benefits for overweight subjects. In this study we aimed to examine effects of in vivo exercise on in vitro metabolic adaptations by studying energy metabolism in cultured myotubes isolated from biopsies taken before and after 12 weeks of extensive endurance and strength training, from healthy sedentary normal weight and overweight men.MethodsHealthy sedentary men, aged 40–62 years, with normal weight (body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2) or overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were included. Fatty acid and glucose metabolism were studied in myotubes using [14C]oleic acid and [14C]glucose, respectively. Gene and protein expressions, as well as DNA methylation were measured for selected genes.ResultsThe 12-week training intervention improved endurance, strength and insulin sensitivity in vivo, and reduced the participants’ body weight. Biopsy-derived cultured human myotubes after exercise showed increased total cellular oleic acid uptake (30%), oxidation (46%) and lipid accumulation (34%), as well as increased fractional glucose oxidation (14%) compared to cultures established prior to exercise. Most of these exercise-induced increases were significant in the overweight group, whereas the normal weight group showed no change in oleic acid or glucose metabolism.Conclusions12 weeks of combined endurance and strength training promoted increased lipid and glucose metabolism in biopsy-derived cultured human myotubes, showing that training in vivo are able to induce changes in human myotubes that are discernible in vitro.

The reason for the occurrence of AKI was multifactorial, including baseline characteristics, procedure-related and post-TAVI factors. It appeared that even stage 1 AKI exerted detrimental effects on survival within one year, and AKI was also independently linked to mortality beyond three years.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established therapeutic option for high-risk patients with tricuspid aortic valve stenosis. Historically, the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) has been regarded as a contraindication to TAVI, on the basis of putative concerns about the associated risks of elliptical deployment, accelerated leaflet degeneration, periprosthetic leaks, and aortic complications. Fortunately, with technological refinements and mounting experience, reasonable success has been achieved with TAVI in selected patients with a BAV. The rate of procedural success is high, and survival is similar to that in patients with a tricuspid aortic valve who undergo TAVI. Nevertheless, moderate or severe aortic regurgitation and aortic dissection seem to occur more frequently in patients with a BAV rather than a tricuspid aortic valve. Specifically-designed prospective studies should address these concerns and help to define anatomical selection criteria before TAVI can be recommended for patients with a BAV.