Клінічна Характеристика Когнітивних Розладів  У Пацієнтів Із Фібриляцією Передсердь

Stadnik, S.M.

doi:10.22141/2224-0713.8.62.2013.86123

INJ

2013

DOI: 10.22141/2224-0713.8.62.2013.86123

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Клінічна Характеристика Когнітивних Розладів У Пацієнтів Із Фібриляцією Передсердь

S.M. Stadnik¹

Abstract: Розглядаються питання діагностики та класифікації когнітивних розладів у 56 хворих із фібриляцією передсердь. Діагноз когнітивних розладів базувався на результатах розширеного нейропсихологічного обстеження з якісною та кількісною оцінкою отриманих результатів. У 25 % досліджених хворих був виявлений синдром помірних когнітивних розладів, виділені нейродинамічно-дисрегуляторний та первинно-дисмнестичний типи. Враховуючи, що можливості лікування та реабілітації хворих із деменцією нині досить обмежені, видаєтьс… Show more

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The state of cognitive functions and diffusion processes in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres in healthy middle-aged and elderly people

Semonova

Myronyak

2023

INJ

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Background. The growing number of patients with dementia in aging population of developed countries significantly increases the relevance of differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment and age-associated cognitive disorders. The purpose of the study was to determine the criteria for physiological changes in cognitive status and diffusion processes in brain’s white matter in healthy middle-aged and elderly people. Material and methods. Thirty-nine healthy middle-aged (45–59 years, n = 19) and elderly patients (60–75 years, n = 20) were examined. Neuropsychological testing was performed using the following scales: Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Mini-Mental State Examination, Frontal Assessment Battery, Semantic Verbal Fluency (SVF) and Phonemic Verbal Fluency (PVF). Molecular diffusion in brain’s white matter was investigated by diffusion tensor imaging (Ingenia 3.0T, Philips). Results. Moderate positive correlations were found between age and the Frontal Assessment Battery score (rs = –0.443), memory (rs = –0.444) and executive function (rs = –0.542). Cognitive functions in middle-aged and elderly patients didn’t differ in cognitive domains of naming (II), memory (III), language (VIII), delayed reproduction (X), orientation (XI), semantic and phonemic verbal fluency. At the same time, differences in attention (IV, VI, AIS: p = 0.038; 0.043; < 0.001), language (VII, LIS: p < 0.001), abstraction (IX: p = 0.008) and visuospatial function (VIS: p = 0.002) were significant. Physiolo-gical age-related changes of molecular diffusion in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres are characterized by a decrease of 21.0–37.0 % (p = 0.02 — < 0.001) in anisotropic and an increase of 16.3–29.5 % (p < 0.001) in free diffusion of water molecules in the conductive tracts and beyond them.

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The state of cognitive functions and diffusion processes in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres in healthy middle-aged and elderly people

Semonova

Myronyak

2023

INJ

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Cerebral disease of small vessels: morphological, neuropsychological and neurovisualization comparisons

Semyonova¹

2022

RDRT

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The term "cerebrovascular disease of small vessals" (CDSV) includes neuropathological, clinical and neuroimaging manifestations lesions of small perforating arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and small veins. CDSV, according to the pathogenetic classification of L. Pantoni, is divided into 6 types: sporadic non-amyloid microangiopathy (SNAMA); sporadic and hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA); hereditary CDSV (CADASIL, CARASIL, MELAS, Fabry disease, CDSV in mutations of COL4A1 gene and others); CDSV, mediated by inflammation and immune processes; venous collagenosis; other options. In 4 chapters of the review the following are considered: morphological and neuroimaging characteristics of CDSV; cognitive impairment and CDSV: morphological, neuropsychological and neuroimaging comparisons; natural aging of the brain: morphological, neuroimaging and neuropsychological comparisons; the influence of modified risk factors (hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, radiation exposure) on the course of CDSV. Conclusions. Despite the threatening consequences of CDSV, its early clinical and instrumental diagnosis has not attracted proper attention of researchers. The subject of the vast majority of studies were: CDSV of moderate and severe degree, post-stroke conditions; neuroimaging criteria for the prognosis of acute cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and dementia in the elderly and senile persons; age differences of CDSV and cognitive impairments (CI) in terms of the overall disease duration, and not in terms of the peculiarities of its manifestation in middle or avanced age. There are objective prerequisites for establishing a methodological framework for early diagnosis of CDSV that takes into account the age of patients and the presence of modifiable risk factors. These include: the existence of consensus on the definition, classification and neuroimaging features of CDSV; availability of effective cognitive scales, which are designed to screen and determine the domain affiliation of non-dementia CD; introduction of new neuroimaging technologies that allow molecular (diffusion) research and obtain images with submillimeter resolution. Two clinical observations serve as convincing evidence of the conclusions reached on the basis of the analysis of the scientific literature.

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Клінічна Характеристика Когнітивних Розладів У Пацієнтів Із Фібриляцією Передсердь

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

The state of cognitive functions and diffusion processes in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres in healthy middle-aged and elderly people

The state of cognitive functions and diffusion processes in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres in healthy middle-aged and elderly people

Cerebral disease of small vessels: morphological, neuropsychological and neurovisualization comparisons

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