γδ T Cells but Not NK Cells Are Essential for Cell-Mediated Immunity against
            <i>Plasmodium chabaudi</i>
            Malaria

It is unclear whether γδ T cells are involved in humoral immunity against Plasmodium infection. Here, we show that B-cell-immunodeficient mice and γδ T-cell-deficient mice were incapable of protecting against Plasmodium berghei XAT parasites. γδ T-cell-deficient mice developed reduced levels of antigen-specific antibodies during the late phase of infection. The numbers of follicular helper T cells and germinal centre B cells in γδ T-cell-deficient mice were lower than in wild-type mice during the late phase of infection. Expression profiling of humoral immunity-related cytokines in γδ T cells showed that interleukin-21 (IL-21) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) are increased during the early stage of infection. Furthermore, blockade of IL-21 and IFN-γ signalling during the early stage of infection led to reduction in follicular helper T cells and germinal centre B cells. γδ T-cell production of IL-21 and IFN-γ is crucial for the development and maintenance of follicular helper T cells and germinal centre B cells during the late phase of infection. Our data suggest that γδ T cells modulate humoral immunity against Plasmodium infection.

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“…On days 14,16,18,20,22 and 24 post-infection (p.i. On days 14,16,18,20,22 and 24 post-infection (p.i.…”

Section: Passive Transfer Of Serummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,9,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] As malaria cd T-cell numbers in peripheral blood and the spleen, cd T cells have been suggested to have a role in malaria. 5,9,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] As malaria cd T-cell numbers in peripheral blood and the spleen, cd T cells have been suggested to have a role in malaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

γδ T cells modulate humoral immunity against Plasmodium berghei infection

et al. 2018

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“…Although previous reports of in vitro and in vivo experiments have suggested that γδ T cells are associated with protective immune responses during malaria infection, the functions of γδ T cells in the spleen remain largely unknown (75–79). We recently reported on the mechanism of γδ T-cell-related protective immunity against Plasmodium parasites using the rodent malaria parasite P .…”

Section: Host Immune Responses Of γδ T Cells In Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies using P . chabaudi parasites have also suggested that γδ T cells are related to, but not essential for, protective immunity against the parasites (76, 78). Thus, this P .…”

Section: Host Immune Responses Of γδ T Cells In Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of IFN-γ and γδ T Cells in Protective Immunity Against Blood-Stage Malaria

Inoue¹,

Niikura²,

Mineo³

et al. 2013

Front. Immunol.

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Malaria is caused by infection with Plasmodium parasites. Various studies with knockout mice have indicated that IFN-γ plays essential roles in protective immunity against blood-stage Plasmodium infection. However, after Plasmodium infection, increased IFN-γ production by various types of cells is involved not only in protective immunity, but also in immunopathology. Recent reports have shown that IFN-γ acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine to induce not only the activation of macrophages, but also the generation of uncommon myelolymphoid progenitor cells after Plasmodium infection. However, the effects of IFN-γ on hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells are unclear. Therefore, the regulation of hematopoiesis by IFN-γ during Plasmodium infection remains to be clarified. Although there are conflicting reports concerning the significance of γδ T cells in protective immunity against Plasmodium infection, γδ T cells may respond to infection and produce IFN-γ as innate immune cells in the early phase of blood-stage malaria. Our recent studies have shown that γδ T cells express CD40 ligand and produce IFN-γ after Plasmodium infection, resulting in the enhancement of dendritic cell activation as part of the immune response to eliminate Plasmodium parasites. These data suggest that the function of γδ T cells is similar to that of NK cells. Although several reports suggest that γδ T cells have the potential to act as memory cells for various infections, it remains to be determined whether memory γδ T cells are generated by Plasmodium infection and whether memory γδ T cells can contribute to the host defense against re-infection with Plasmodium. Here, we summarize and discuss the effects of IFN-γ and the various functions of γδ T cells in blood-stage Plasmodium infection.

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“…50 Similarly, the protective roles of cd-T cells in malaria infection have been confirmed in several independent studies. 51,52 …”

Section: Involvement Of Cd-t Cells In Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

γδ-T cells: an unpolished sword in human anti-infection immunity

et al. 2012

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cd-T cells represent a small population of immune cells, but play an indispensable role in host defenses against exogenous pathogens, immune surveillance of endogenous pathogenesis and even homeostasis of the immune system. Activation and expansion of cd-T cells are generally observed in diverse human infectious diseases and correlate with their progression and prognosis. cd-T cells have both 'innate' and 'adaptive' characteristics in the immune response, and their anti-infection activities are mediated by multiple pathways that are under elaborate regulation by other immune components. In this review, we summarize the current state of the literature and the recent advancements in cd-T cell-mediated immune responses against common human infectious pathogens. Although further investigation is needed to improve our understanding of the characteristics of different cd-T cell subpopulations under specific conditions, cd-T cell-based therapy has great potential for the treatment of infectious diseases.

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γδ T Cells but Not NK Cells Are Essential for Cell-Mediated Immunity against Plasmodium chabaudi Malaria

Abstract: Blood-stage

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

γδ T cells modulate humoral immunity against Plasmodium berghei infection

γδ T cells modulate humoral immunity against Plasmodium berghei infection

Roles of IFN-γ and γδ T Cells in Protective Immunity Against Blood-Stage Malaria

γδ-T cells: an unpolished sword in human anti-infection immunity

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