Zur Kenntnis des Vitamins‐A aus Fischtranen II

Karrer, P.; Morf, R.; Schöpp, K.

doi:10.1002/hlca.19310140622

Cited by 107 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The vitamin A (AI) structure was first proposed, with some reservation, by HEILBRON et al (IS6,IS8) as well as by KARRER, MORF and SCHOPP (233) in 1931-32 and was conclusively proved by KARRER et al (234) The same numbering system as in the carotenoid series is used here; another system, with C(l) at the end of the main aliphatic chain, is still preferred by some authors.…”

Section: Vitamins a And Retinenesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Cis-trãns Isomeric Carotenoids Vitamins A and Arylpolyenes

Ƶechmeister¹

1962

324

272

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Section: Vitamins a And Retinenesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Cis-trãns Isomeric Carotenoids Vitamins A and Arylpolyenes

Ƶechmeister¹

1962

324

272

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“…Two years later, it was suggested by Drummond that “fat soluble A” should be called vitamin A (4). The chemical nature of vitamin A was described by Karrer in 1931 (5), but it was not until the end of the 1940s that vitamin A could be produced in large quantities (6, 7). Frederick Hopkins was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1929 for his work on vitamin A. Paul Karrer was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1937 for having established the chemical nature of many vitamins, including vitamin A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoid Receptors in Bone and Their Role in Bone Remodeling

Henning¹,

Conaway

Lerner

2015

Front. Endocrinol.

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Vitamin A (retinol) is a necessary and important constituent of the body which is provided by food intake of retinyl esters and carotenoids. Vitamin A is known best for being important for vision, but in addition to the eye, vitamin A is necessary in numerous other organs in the body, including the skeleton. Vitamin A is converted to an active compound, all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), which is responsible for most of its biological actions. ATRA binds to intracellular nuclear receptors called retinoic acid receptors (RARα, RARβ, RARγ). RARs and closely related retinoid X receptors (RXRα, RXRβ, RXRγ) form heterodimers which bind to DNA and function as ligand-activated transcription factors. It has been known for many years that hypervitaminosis A promotes skeleton fragility by increasing osteoclast formation and decreasing cortical bone mass. Some epidemiological studies have suggested that increased intake of vitamin A and increased serum levels of retinoids may decrease bone mineral density and increase fracture rate, but the literature on this is not conclusive. The current review summarizes how vitamin A is taken up by the intestine, metabolized, stored in the liver, and processed to ATRA. ATRA’s effects on formation and activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts are outlined, and a summary of clinical data pertaining to vitamin A and bone is presented.

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“…It was proposed that adding two water molecules at the central double bond of β-carotene should give rise to two molecules of vitamin A [44,45]. As mentioned earlier, in vitro experiments failed to show the quantitative conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A and it was also shown that vitamin A was twice as active as β-carotene.…”

Section: Oxidative Degradation Of Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Free Radical Mediated Oxidative Degradation of Carotenes and Xanthophylls

Mordi¹,

Ademosun

Ajanaku

et al. 2020

Molecules

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This article reviews the excited-state quenching, pro-vitamin A activity and anticarcinogenicity of carotenes and xanthophylls in relation to their chemical structures. Excited-state quenching improved with the length of the conjugated chain structure. Pro-vitamin A activity was dependent on the presence of at least one beta-ionyl ring structure. The effectiveness of carotenoids as antioxidants depended on their ability to trap peroxyl radicals with production of resonance-stabilized carotenyl radicals. The products identified from oxidations of carotenes and xanthophylls with molecular oxygen and other oxidizing agents are presented. The free radical-mediated mechanisms that have been proposed to account for the different classes of products are reviewed.

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Zur Kenntnis des Vitamins‐A aus Fischtranen II

Cited by 107 publications

References 2 publications

Cis-trãns Isomeric Carotenoids Vitamins A and Arylpolyenes

Cis-trãns Isomeric Carotenoids Vitamins A and Arylpolyenes

Retinoid Receptors in Bone and Their Role in Bone Remodeling

Free Radical Mediated Oxidative Degradation of Carotenes and Xanthophylls

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