Zinc Oxide Nanostructure-Modified Textile and Its Application to Biosensing, Photocatalysis, and as Antibacterial Material

Abstract

Recently, one-dimensional nanostructures with different morphologies (such as nanowires, nanorods (NRs), and nanotubes) have become the focus of intensive research, because of their unique properties with potential applications. Among them, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials has been found to be highly attractive, because of the remarkable potential for applications in many different areas such as solar cells, sensors, piezoelectric devices, photodiode devices, sun screens, antireflection coatings, and photocatalysis. Here, we present an innovative approach to create a new modified textile by direct in situ growth of vertically aligned one-dimensional (1D) ZnO NRs onto textile surfaces, which can serve with potential for biosensing, photocatalysis, and antibacterial applications. ZnO NRs were grown by using a simple aqueous chemical growth method. Results from analyses such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the ZnO NRs were dispersed over the entire surface of the textile. We have demonstrated the following applications of these multifunctional textiles: (1) as a flexible working electrode for the detection of aldicarb (ALD) pesticide, (2) as a photocatalyst for the degradation of organic molecules (i.e., Methylene Blue and Congo Red), and (3) as antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli. The ZnO-based textile exhibited excellent photocatalytic and antibacterial activities, and it showed a promising sensing response. The combination of sensing, photocatalysis, and antibacterial properties provided by the ZnO NRs brings us closer to the concept of smart textiles for wearable sensing without a deodorant and antibacterial control. Perhaps the best known of the products that is available in markets for such purposes are textiles with silver nanoparticles. Our modified textile is thus providing acceptable antibacterial properties, compared to available commercial modified textiles.

3D micro-structured arrays of ZnΟ nanorods

“…As clearly seen, the decrease of the dye concentration (from 100% to 96%) over the pristine structure within 120 min time interval is negligible, while a dramatic decrease occurs in the case of ZnO NRs-coated structures. This confirms that the MB photodegratation occurs onto the ZnO nanostructured material surface and is attributed to the reaction of MB with highly oxidative radicals (hydroxyl •OH and superoxide •) generated on the ZnO surfaces under UV irradiation 45 . As Fig.…”

Eco‐friendly synthesis of ZnO nanorods using Cycas pschannae plant extract with excellent photocatalytic, antioxidant, and anticancer nanomedicine for lung cancer treatment

“…ZnO belongs to the family of group II and VI semiconductor materials which are have a very large band gap of about 3.3 eV with a high capacity of 60 eV excitation energy . Zinc oxide is also commonly used in pottery, transparent materials, elastic polymers, lubricants, dyes, ointments, adhesives, and ceramic compounds . As a result of the many applications of ZnO NRs, demand for them is increasing day by day, thus different approaches have been tried for their synthesis, such as sonochemical, co‐precipitation, combustion, hydrothermal, and spray pyrolysis .…”

Nanotechnology to the rescue: using nano-enabled approaches in microbiological food safety and quality

“…These type of surfaces can be found in food preparation and processing facilities, kitchen and cooking ware, cutting boards, equipment, conveyer belts etc. [14] Such antimicrobial surfaces utilize nanoscale metal or metal oxides such as Ag,[27•] photocatalytic nanoparticles (such as TiO 2 and ZnO),[28] and nanoscale topography that allows the creation of surfaces with anti-fouling properties. [29]…”