Zinc deficiency and immune function

Fraker, P. J.

doi:10.1001/archderm.123.12.1699

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…It is also essential for the proper functioning of the immune system. In zinc deficiency, the function of the macrophages and T cells is impaired with fifty percent reduction in leucocytes and 40-70% reduction in antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity [9][10][11]. The addition of zinc to a culture system results in polyclonal stimulation of lymphocytes [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of oral zinc sulphate in warts-a placebo controlled,single-blinded study

Hassan¹,

Bhat²,

Altaf³

et al. 2013

Our Dermatol Online

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Verrucae (synonym: warts) are one of the most common viral infections of humans in which the most frequently used modalities of treatment involve destruction of the affected area, which does not prevent recurrences and often results in scarring. In the present study oral zinc sulphate, an immunomodulator was evaluated as a treatment modality for warts. A placebo-controlled, single-blinded study was conducted on one hundred OPD patients with various types of verrucae. Fifty patients were put on oral zinc sulphate at dose of 5mg/kg for six weeks, while an equal number of patients received placebo for the same duration. In the patients who received oral zinc sulphate, 60.97% showed complete response at the end of six weeks in comparison to 6.45% partial response in the placebo group. The resolution of the lesions occurred with restoration of normal epidermal texture with transient alteration in pigmentation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of oral zinc sulphate in warts-a placebo controlled,single-blinded study

Hassan¹,

Bhat²,

Altaf³

et al. 2013

Our Dermatol Online

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“…The serum zinc level was decreased in patients with chronic liver injury, and zinc deficiency seems to be related to hepatic Zima/Fialová /Mestek/Janebová /Crkovská/ Malbohan/Štípek/Mikulíková /Popov injury and not to alcohol intake [61]. Modest zinc deficits caused lymphopenia and reduced immune capacity among affected humans [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress, Metabolism of Ethanol and Alcohol-Related Diseases

Zima

Fialová

Mestek

et al. 2001

Journal of Biomedical Science

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Alcohol-induced oxidative stress is linked to the metabolism of ethanol. Three metabolic pathways of ethanol have been described in the human body so far. They involve the following enzymes: alcohol dehydrogenase, microsomal ethanol oxidation system (MEOS) and catalase. Each of these pathways could produce free radicals which affect the antioxidant system. Ethanol per se, hyperlactacidemia and elevated NADH increase xanthine oxidase activity, which results in the production of superoxide. Lipid peroxidation and superoxide production correlate with the amount of cytochrome P450 2E1. MEOS aggravates the oxidative stress directly as well as indirectly by impairing the defense systems. Hydroxyethyl radicals are probably involved in the alkylation of hepatic proteins. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the key factors contributing to the vessel wall homeostasis, an important mediator of the vascular tone and neuronal transduction, and has cytotoxic effects. Stable metabolites – nitrites and nitrates – were increased in alcoholics (34.3 ± 2.6 vs. 22.7 ± 1.2 µmol/l, p < 0.001). High NO concentration could be discussed for its excitotoxicity and may be linked to cytotoxicity in neurons, glia and myelin. Formation of NO has been linked to an increased preference for and tolerance to alcohol in recent studies. Increased NO biosynthesis also via inducible NO synthase (NOS, chronic stimulation) may contribute to platelet and endothelial dysfunctions. Comparison of chronically ethanol-fed rats and controls demonstrates that exposure to ethanol causes a decrease in NADPH diaphorase activity (neuronal NOS) in neurons and fibers of the cerebellar cortex and superior colliculus (stratum griseum superficiale and intermedium) in rats. These changes in the highly organized structure contribute to the motor disturbances, which are associated with alcohol abuse. Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) in alcoholic patients seem to reflect membrane lesions, impairment of immunological reactivity, liver disease progression, and they correlate significantly with the disease severity. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation is supposed to be one of the most important pathogenic mechanisms of atherogenesis, and antibodies against oxidized LDL (oxLDL) are some kind of epiphenomenon of this process. We studied IgG oxLDL and four APA (anticardiolipin, antiphosphatidylserine, antiphosphatidylethanolamine and antiphosphatidylcholine antibodies). The IgG oxLDL (406.4 ± 52.5 vs. 499.9 ± 52.5 mU/ml) was not affected in alcoholic patients, but oxLDL was higher (71.6 ± 4.1 vs. 44.2 ± 2.7 µmol/l, p < 0.001). The prevalence of studied APA in alcoholics with mildly affected liver function was higher than in controls, but not significantly. On the contrary, changes of autoantibodies to IgG oxLDL revealed a wide range of IgG oxLDL titers in a healthy population. These parameters do not appear to be very promising for the evaluation of the risk of atherosclerosis. Free radicals increase the oxidative modification of LDL. This is one of the most important mechanism...

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“…The role of zinc and copper in chronic inflammatory diseases is of interest because they are co-factors of important enzymes involved in collagen and bone metabolism [1,2], immune system function [3,4] and antioxidant protection [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum zinc and copper in active rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with interleukin 1? and tumour necrosis factor ?

et al. 1998

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Serum zinc and copper levels and serum interleukin 1 beta (IL1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) levels were evaluated in 57 female patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to investigate a possible role of IL1 beta and TNF alpha on zinc and copper homeostasis in RA. Serum zinc levels were significantly lower and serum copper levels significantly higher in RA patients when compared with osteoarthritis or asymmetrical psoriatic oligoarthritis patients and with normal controls. No differences were observed in serum IgM rheumatoid factor positive and serum IgM rheumatoid factor negative patients as regards serum zinc and copper concentration. In RA patients the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and acute-phase proteins correlated negatively with serum zinc and positively with serum copper. IL1 beta and TNF alpha were found to correlate negatively with zinc and positively with copper in RA patients. Lower levels of zinc may be due to an accumulation of zinc-containing proteins in the liver and in the inflamed joints in RA. Elevated serum copper levels seem to be linked to the increased synthesis of ceruloplasmin by the liver.

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Zinc deficiency and immune function

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Role of oral zinc sulphate in warts-a placebo controlled,single-blinded study

Role of oral zinc sulphate in warts-a placebo controlled,single-blinded study

Oxidative Stress, Metabolism of Ethanol and Alcohol-Related Diseases

Serum zinc and copper in active rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with interleukin 1? and tumour necrosis factor ?

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