Zigzag Genioplasty; Patients Evaluation, Technique Modifications and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of our study was to evaluate patients and technique and complete a review of the literature related to Zigzag genioplasty. Materials and Methods: To address the research purpose, the investigators designed and implemented a prospective clinical trial study. Seven osteotomy types (I–VII) are proposed for genioplasty that will permit one to decrease the 3-dimensions of the chin. These osteotomy designs are based on the displacement of bone fragments on the slopes of an inclined plane with a superior-medial direction. Results: All of the patients were satisfied with the esthetic results of their osteotomy. Based on presurgical and post-surgical facial analysis and clinical evaluations, no patients who received a Zigzag osteotomy suffered from permanent neurosensory deficiency, infection, hardware failure, severe pain, asymmetry, necrosis, massive hematoma, relapse, or suprahyoid muscle dysfunction. Conclusions: As a result, on the basis of our experience with 23 patients and after at least 1 year of follow-up with each one, the authors concluded that this technique is simple and easy to implement.

Advanced Adjunct Orthosurgical Esthetic Prodedures

“…Several surgical techniques are available for correcting and giving harmony to the lower third of the face. [1] In this respect, some well-known techniques seek to correct the shape and size of the chin using different kinds of chin implants or osteotomies in an effort to move it and change its spatial location, thus determining a new facial contour.…”

“…The soft tissue envelope of the chin area usually follows the genial osseous movement approximately 90% or more, but the predictability ratio of horizontal reduction genioplasty is limited; it follows approximately 50% to 60%. [1] Reduction genioplasty surgical procedure results in narrowing or shortening of the chin. However, the literature lacks data about the best technique, indications, complications, and long-term results.…”

“…Furthermore, because the mid-symphysis area is removed, the chance of asymmetry or unesthetic results could be increased( fig.1). [1] another techniques such as horizontal T osteotomy were also described but is not used widely( fig.2). [10,46]In 2013 we described [1,47] a novel technique to reduce the prominent chin 3-dimentionally( fig.3).…”

“…[1] another techniques such as horizontal T osteotomy were also described but is not used widely( fig.2). [10,46]In 2013 we described [1,47] a novel technique to reduce the prominent chin 3-dimentionally( fig.3). This new genioplasty (Zigzag genioplasty) makes it possible to decrease the vertical and transverse dimension of the chin alone or simultaneously, symmetrically or asymmetrically.…”

“…Furthermore, this design preserves the suprahyoid muscle attachmentsand the most important anatomic portion of symphysis area; narrowing the wide chin by this technique provides an esthetic and natural facial look. [1,47] Figure 3. Zigzag osteotomy design is based on the displacement of 2 bone fragments on the slopes of an inclined plane with a superior-medial direction.…”