Zelus renardii Roaming in Southern Italy

Lahbib, Nada; Picciotti, Ugo; Sefa, Valdete; Boukhris‐Bouhachem, Sonia; Porcelli, Francesco; Garganese, Francesca

doi:10.3390/insects13020158

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Luckily enough, functional human-managed host plants' ecological corridors also facilitate the acclimation and spread of useful alien pest antagonists [52] that are a possible option for biocontrol action [53,54]. Unfortunately, the long time to react in case of alien organism entrance [55][56][57] causes relevant damage to target plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape and Vegetation Patterns Zoning Is a Methodological Tool for Management Costs Implications Due to Xylella fastidiosa Invasion

Bozzo

Frem

Fucilli

et al. 2022

Land

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Philaenus spumarius (Linnaeus 1758, hereafter Ps) is considered one of the main insect vectors responsible for the spread of an alien biota, Xylella fastidiosa (Wells 1987, hereafter Xf), in the Salento area, Apulia region (Southern Italy). Effective management of this biological invader depends on the continuous surveillance and monitoring of its insect vector. As such, this research elicits the invasion drivers (i.e., landscape and vegetation indicators) that influence the abundance and the dynamics of this vector and, consequently, the spatial spread of this bacterium in this Italian region. For this purpose, a spatial pattern clustering methodological approach is considered. The results reveal that spatial variation and territorial differentiation may differ from zone to zone in the same invaded area, for which effective management and monitoring planning should be addressed. Further, six agro-ecosystems zones have been identified with respect to five indicators: (i) vegetation index, (ii) intensity of cultivation, (iii) cultural diversity, (iv) density of agricultural landscape elements, and (v) altitude. This paper has public implications and contributes to an understanding of how zoning of an infected area, by an alien biota, into homogenous zones may impact its effective management costs. This approach could also be applied in other countries affected or potentially affected by the phenomenon of Xf invasion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape and Vegetation Patterns Zoning Is a Methodological Tool for Management Costs Implications Due to Xylella fastidiosa Invasion

Bozzo

Frem

Fucilli

et al. 2022

Land

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“…The Metagenomic data are scarce for the bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome of pests such as Bactrocera and beneficial predators [ 191 ]. Few data are available on host switching rates and multitrophic interactions involving ectosymbionts.…”

Section: Bactrocera Oleae Colletotrichum ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Ectomosphere”: Insects and Microorganism Interactions

et al. 2023

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This study focuses on interacting with insects and their ectosymbiont (lato sensu) microorganisms for environmentally safe plant production and protection. Some cases help compare ectosymbiont microorganisms that are insect-borne, -driven, or -spread relevant to endosymbionts’ behaviour. Ectosymbiotic bacteria can interact with insects by allowing them to improve the value of their pabula. In addition, some bacteria are essential for creating ecological niches that can host the development of pests. Insect-borne plant pathogens include bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These pathogens interact with their vectors to enhance reciprocal fitness. Knowing vector-phoront interaction could considerably increase chances for outbreak management, notably when sustained by quarantine vector ectosymbiont pathogens, such as the actual Xylella fastidiosa Mediterranean invasion episode. Insect pathogenic viruses have a close evolutionary relationship with their hosts, also being highly specific and obligate parasites. Sixteen virus families have been reported to infect insects and may be involved in the biological control of specific pests, including some economic weevils. Insects and fungi are among the most widespread organisms in nature and interact with each other, establishing symbiotic relationships ranging from mutualism to antagonism. The associations can influence the extent to which interacting organisms can exert their effects on plants and the proper management practices. Sustainable pest management also relies on entomopathogenic fungi; research on these species starts from their isolation from insect carcasses, followed by identification using conventional light or electron microscopy techniques. Thanks to the development of omics sciences, it is possible to identify entomopathogenic fungi with evolutionary histories that are less-shared with the target insect and can be proposed as pest antagonists. Many interesting omics can help detect the presence of entomopathogens in different natural matrices, such as soil or plants. The same techniques will help localize ectosymbionts, localization of recesses, or specialized morphological adaptation, greatly supporting the robust interpretation of the symbiont role. The manipulation and modulation of ectosymbionts could be a more promising way to counteract pests and borne pathogens, mitigating the impact of formulates and reducing food insecurity due to the lesser impact of direct damage and diseases. The promise has a preventive intent for more manageable and broader implications for pests, comparing what we can obtain using simpler, less-specific techniques and a less comprehensive approach to Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

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“…In order to describe mathematically the contribution of P. spumarius to the dynamics of the predator population, we have to take into account that according to what reported in [14], Z. renardii is a generalist predator, and its efficiency in the predation P. spumarius is rather low. In [22, p.83] (see also [4], [15, p.38]) it was evidenced that the functional response g(C I ) of a generalist predator to a specific prey follows an S-shaped curve (Holling type III), according to which the predator dedicates its predation only to large quantities of any specific prey C I .…”

Section: The Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent papers ( [14], [17]) Zelus renardii (Hemiptera, Reduviiidae) has been identified as a predator of P. spumarius for a possible control of a Xylella epidemic. This fact has motivated an extension of the previous spatially structured mathematical model, presented in [3], to include the dynamical behavior of the predator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predators as a possible strategy for controlling a Xylella epidemic?

Capasso¹,

Aniţa²,

Scacchi³

et al. 2022

Math. Model. Nat. Phenom.

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In Southern Italy, since 2013, there has been an ongoing Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS) outbreak, due to the bacterium {\it Xylella fastidiosa}, which has caused a dramatic impact from both socio-economic and environmental points of view. Current agronomic practices are mainly based on uprooting the sick olive trees and their surrounding ones, with later installment of olive cultivars more resistant to the bacterium infection. Unfortunately, both of these practices are having an undesirable impact on the environment and on the economy. Here, a spatially structured mathematical model has been proposed to include a predator {\it Zelus renardii } as a possible biocontrol agent of the {\it Xylella} epidemic. The fact that {\it Z. renardii} has been reported to be a generalist predator implies that its introduction is not an efficient control strategy to eradicate a {\it Xylella} epidemic. Instead, a specialist predator, whenever identified, would lead to the eventual eradication of a {\it Xylella} epidemic. In either cases it has been confirmed that a significant reduction of the weed biomass can lead to the eradication of the vector population, hence of a {\it Xylella} epidemic, independently of the presence of predators.

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Zelus renardii Roaming in Southern Italy

Cited by 15 publications

References 121 publications

Landscape and Vegetation Patterns Zoning Is a Methodological Tool for Management Costs Implications Due to Xylella fastidiosa Invasion

Landscape and Vegetation Patterns Zoning Is a Methodological Tool for Management Costs Implications Due to Xylella fastidiosa Invasion

“Ectomosphere”: Insects and Microorganism Interactions

Predators as a possible strategy for controlling a Xylella epidemic?

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