Zebrafish embryo tolerance to environmental stress factors—Concentration–dose response analysis of oxygen limitation, pH, and UV‐light irradiation

Andrade, Thayres S.; Henriques, Jorge F.; Almeida, Ana Rita; Soares, Amadeu M.V.M.; Scholz, Stefan; Domingues, Inês

doi:10.1002/etc.3579

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Even if the studies were conducted according to OECD test guideline 236 (Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development ), pH control would not be assured because the guideline is based on an unbuffered International Organization for Standardization (ISO) water as test medium and requires that the pH does not vary by more than 1.5 pH units in the range of 6.5 to 8.5 (Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development ). Zebrafish embryos can tolerate pH values between 5 and 10 (Andrade et al ), so a large shift in pH may go unnoticed in controls but may affect IOC speciation and resulting effects in test treatments. Bittner et al () demonstrated that Good’s buffers are suitable to adjust the pH within the range that is tolerable for zebrafish embryos.…”

Section: Ph Dependence Of Aquatic Toxicity Of Iocsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for Improving Methods and Models for Aquatic Hazard Assessment of Ionizable Organic Chemicals

Escher

Abagyan

Embry

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Ionizable organic chemicals (IOCs) such as organic acids and bases are an important substance class requiring aquatic hazard evaluation. Although the aquatic toxicity of IOCs is highly dependent on the water pH, many toxicity studies in the literature cannot be interpreted because pH was not reported or not kept constant during the experiment, calling for an adaptation and improvement of testing guidelines. The modulating influence of pH on toxicity is mainly caused by pHdependent uptake and bioaccumulation of IOCs, which can be described by ion-trapping and toxicokinetic models. The internal effect concentrations of IOCs were found to be independent of the external pH because of organisms' and cells' ability to maintain a stable internal pH milieu. If the external pH is close to the internal pH, existing quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for neutral organics can be adapted by substituting the octanol-water partition coefficient by the ionization-corrected liposome-water distribution ratio as the hydrophobicity descriptor, demonstrated by modification of the target lipid model. Charged, zwitterionic and neutral species of an IOC can all contribute to observed toxicity, either through concentration-additive mixture effects or by interaction of different species, as is the case for uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration. For specifically acting IOCs, we recommend a 2-step screening procedure with ion-trapping/QSAR models used to predict the baseline toxicity, followed by adjustment using the toxic ratio derived from in vitro systems. Receptor-or plasmabinding models also show promise for elucidating IOC toxicity. The present review is intended to help demystify the ecotoxicity of IOCs and provide recommendations for their hazard and risk assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:269-286. /ETC FIGURE 1: Speciation in relation to the pH and acid dissociation constant, pK a , for (A) monoprotic acids and (B) monoprotic bases. The experimentally accessible pH range is marked by blue (fish) and green (daphnia, algae) boxes. Further discussion on the experimentally accessible pH range is provided in the section Testing guidelines.

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Section: Ph Dependence Of Aquatic Toxicity Of Iocsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for Improving Methods and Models for Aquatic Hazard Assessment of Ionizable Organic Chemicals

Escher

Abagyan

Embry

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Mortality of positive controls was in the expected toxicity range (between 30 and 80%). Oxygen concentration and pH were above the limits described by Andrade et al [40] for developmental retardation and other sublethal effects (dissolved oxygen ≥ 6 mg/L; pH between 6 and 8). Thus, observed effects have to be considered effects of the exposure to sediment-bound chemicals and no other physical stressors.…”

Section: Fet Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 55%

Toxicity and neurotoxicity profiling of contaminated sediments from Gulf of Bothnia (Sweden): a multi-endpoint assay with Zebrafish embryos

et al. 2019

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Background: The toxicological characterization of sediments is an essential task to monitor the quality of aquatic environments. Many hazardous pollutants may accumulate in sediments and pose a risk to the aquatic community. The present study provides an attempt to integrate a diagnostic whole mixture assessment workflow based on a slightly modified Danio rerio embryo acute toxicity test with chemical characterization. Danio rerio embryos were directly exposed to sieved sediment (≤ 63 μm) for 96 h. Sediment samples were collected from three polluted sites (Kramfors, Sundsvall and Örnsköldsvik) in the Gulf of Bothnia (Sweden) which are characterized by a long history of pulp and paper industry impact. Effect data were supported by chemical analyses of 237 organic pollutants and 30 trace elements. Results: The results show that malformations and neurotoxic compounds are the main drivers of differentiation in chemical and effects analyses, respectively. Specific spinal cord malformations and delayed hatching were observed only in sediments from Kramfors while light hyperactivity was seen only after exposure to sediments from Sundsvall. Conclusions: Our experiments demonstrate that specific chemical profiles lead to specific effect patterns in Danio rerio embryos. In fact, behavioral endpoints could help detect the exposure to neurotoxins, and the observation of body malformations seems to be a potential tool for the identification of site-specific pollutants as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and several pesticides. Overall, results show the suitability of Danio rerio embryos for the fast screening of sediment samples.

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“…In the present study, the pH and dissolved oxygen level were 7.6 and 6.86 respectively. Zebrafish embryo tolerance to limited oxygen and pH level was [17]. Embryo survival appeared to be relatively resistant to oxygen depletion with a 96h-LC50 of 0.42 mg/L.…”

Section: On Water Quality Parameters During Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…investigated by Andrade et al, [17], Median h) of 3.68 and 10.21 were determined for acid and alkaline pH, Embryo survival appeared to be relatively resistant to oxygen depletion with a mg/L. However, they the concentration level of 6mg/L and below caused oedema and developmental…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Artificial Reproduction of Zebrafish Dania rerio under Controlled Laboratory Condition

Dede¹,

Yalniz

2018

AJFAR

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The objective of this study was to describe a standard universally accepted artificial culture protocol for zebrafish. Also, developmental stages of embryogenesis were also described. Because Zebrafish are considered as a model organism and are widely used in biomedical research to study human genes and human diseases. Despite this, the artificial reproduction of zebrafish is poorly described, and there is not any standard universally accepted artificial culture protocol. To satisfy the scientist working in the biomedical area, a standard culture method of zebrafish under controlled laboratory conditions must be developed. The present study was conducted at the Aquaria Research unit of Marine Sciences and Technology Faculty of Iskenderun Technical University, Iskenderun Turkey, from March 2018 to October 2018. Spawn traps and gravels are not used for spawning of broodstock. Female and male broodstock were selected from our previously cultured stock, based on their swollen abdomens. Mean body lengths for female and male were 3.34±0.40, 2.97±0.3 cm and the mean weights were 0.38±0.14, 0.25±0.27 g, respectively. First eggs were squeezed from the ovaries then milt was taken from the testes onto the eggs. Fertilisation was done artificially by the dry method. The eggs hatch within 4-5 days at 28±1°C. The mean diameter of eggs and fecundity were measured using a micrometre attached to a microscope. During the experimental studies, the water quality parameters were also maintained at optimum. In the present study, temperature and pH were maintained at 28±1°C, and 7.28 respectively and which were the best for reproduction of zebrafish. Fecundity differed widely between individuals, and the number of eggs ranged from 7 to 110. The average diameter of the eggs ranged from 405± 0,001 to 570 ± 0,001 µm. Mainly seven developmental stages of embryogenesis were described; the zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula and hatching stages. The results of the present study suggest that with the right artificial culture conditions and proper manual stripping, the required number of eggs and embryos for biomedical research can be easily obtained.

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Zebrafish embryo tolerance to environmental stress factors—Concentration–dose response analysis of oxygen limitation, pH, and UV‐light irradiation

Cited by 37 publications

References 69 publications

Recommendations for Improving Methods and Models for Aquatic Hazard Assessment of Ionizable Organic Chemicals

Recommendations for Improving Methods and Models for Aquatic Hazard Assessment of Ionizable Organic Chemicals

Toxicity and neurotoxicity profiling of contaminated sediments from Gulf of Bothnia (Sweden): a multi-endpoint assay with Zebrafish embryos

Artificial Reproduction of Zebrafish Dania rerio under Controlled Laboratory Condition

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