Yolk utilization by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) alevins in response to temperature and substrate

Removal of the chorion before hatching results in increased movement and accelerated growth in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)embryos

“…This process was accelerated in dechorionated embryos in the present study, as tissue protein content was significantly higher relative to chorionated embryos. Rates of yolk reabsorption and protein synthesis are influenced by extrinsic factors, such as temperature (Mathers et al, 1993;Peterson and Martin-Robichaud, 1995). The present study indicates that activity also influences the rate at which yolk proteins are converted into body tissue.…”

“…In contrast, van der Meulen et al reported that muscle development was not grossly affected by decreased muscle activity in immobile zebrafish embryos (van der Meulen et al, 2005). Two studies reported that growth was actually improved in 'immobile' S. salar larvae, compared with 'mobile' larvae (Hansen and Møller, 1985;Peterson and Martin-Robichaud, 1995); however, movement was not quantified. Swim training in larval zebrafish (D. rerio) did not improve growth (Bagatto et al, 2001).…”

The effect of substrate rearing on the growth, development, and survival of larval white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) during early ontogeny.

“…Despite a rather short rearing period in gravel (11-14 days, depending on temperature), differences in weight persisted and increased from 4 dph until the end of the experiment (46 dph). Gravel rearing of salmonid alevins has long been known to produce larger fry at "swim-up" than conventional culturing practices where no substrate is used (Marr 1966;Bams 1967;1982;Hansen and M0ller 1985;Peterson and Martin-Robichaud 1995); however, while one other study (McAdam and Boucher, unpublished) has shown that substrate rearing leads to larger white sturgeon larvae, this is the first study that shows a significant benefit in terms of survival.…”

“…Substrates have often been used in salmonid hatcheries in the culture of alevins, as this generally produces larger fry than rearing methods without substrate (Bams 1969;Fuss and Johnson 1982;Murray and Beacham 1986;Peterson and Martin-Robichaud 1995). While a growing body of literature indicates that benthic substrates may play a significant role in the early life history of sturgeon, only a few studies have been done to quantify the potential effect of gravel rearing on sturgeon recruitment (Gadomski and Parsley 2005;McAdam et al 2005;Bennett et al 2007;Gessner et al 2009;McAdam 2011).…”

Improving Larval Culture and Rearing Techniques on Common Snook (Centropomus undecimalis)

“…Other aspects affected by temperature are the yolk conversion efficiency as demonstrated in salmonid embryos (Heming, 1982;Heming and Buddington, 1988;Marr, 1996;Peterson & Martin-Robichaud, 1995) and in stripped bass (Peterson et al, 1996). Also larval size and fitness at the end of the endogenous feeding period are directly affected by temperature (Peterson et al, 1977, 1996, Baynes and Howell, 1996.…”