Yield losses on wheat crops associated to the previous winter crop: Impact of agronomic practices based on on-farm analysis

Mazzilli, Sebastián R.; Ernst, Oswaldo; Mello, Vanesa Pereira de; Pérez, Carlos A.

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.007

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Much of the literature on the use of key IPM techniques is based on experiments running for less than five years (e.g. Makowski et al 2005 working on sclerotinia in French oilseed rape; (Loyce et al 2008) working on diseases of French winter wheat; (Mazzilli et al 2016) working on wheat in Uruguay). The work by Twengström et al (1998) and Yuen et al (1996) on sclerotinia stem rot of oilseed rape is an example of an attempt to link yield and disease, providing both a forecast of the likely disease severity and a risk algorithm, and considering a range of factors, including crop rotation, rainfall, and previous disease incidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of fungicide treatment and Integrated Pest Management on barley yields: Analysis of a long term field trials database

Stetkiewicz

Burnett

Ennos

et al. 2019

European Journal of Agronomy

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This paper assesses potential for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques to reduce the need for fungicide use without negatively impacting yields. The impacts of three disease management practices of relevance to broad acre crops-disease resistance, forecasting disease pressure, and fungicide use-were analysed to determine impact on yield using a long-term field trials database of Scottish spring barley, with information from experiments across the country regarding yield, disease levels, and fungicide treatment. Due to changes in data collection practices, data from 1996-2010 were only available at trial level, while data from 2011-2014 were available at plot level. For this reason, data from 1996-2014 were analysed using regression models, while a subset of farmer relevant varieties was taken from the 2011-2014 data, and analysed using ANOVA, to provide additional information of particular relevance to current farm practice. While fungicide use reduced disease severity in 51.4%of a farmer-relevant subset of trials run 2011-2014, and yields were decreased by 0.62t/ha on average, this was not statistically significant in 65% of trials. Fungicide use had only a minor impact on profit in these trials, with an average increase of 4.4% for malting and 4.7% for feed varieties, based on fungicide cost and yield difference; potential savings such as reduced machinery costs were not considered, as these may vary widely. Likewise, the1996-2014 database showed an average yield increase of 0.74t/ha due to fungicide use, across a wide range of years, sites, varieties, and climatic conditions. A regression model was developed to assess key IPM and site factors which influenced the difference between treated and untreated yields across this 18-year period. Disease resistance, season rainfall, and combined disease severity of the three fungal diseases were found to be significant factors in the model. Sowing only highly resistant varieties and, as technology improves, forecasting disease pressure based on anticipated weather would help to reduce and optimise fungicide use. I.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of fungicide treatment and Integrated Pest Management on barley yields: Analysis of a long term field trials database

Stetkiewicz

Burnett

Ennos

et al. 2019

European Journal of Agronomy

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“…Crop monoculture and winter fallows are known to cause physical, chemical, and biological soil degradation (Bedano, Dominguez, Arolfo, & Wall, ). Monocultures and a lack of rotation (e.g., wheat after wheat) have been shown to lead to yield losses at the farm scale (Mazzilli, Ernst, Mello, & Pérez, ), reducing the sustainability of the farm business as a whole, in comparison with farms that increase diversity. Cover crops (sometimes referred to as catch crops) are plants that are grown when the soil would otherwise remain fallow (Ball et al, ; Dabney et al, ; Snapp et al, ; White, Holmes, Morris, & Stobart, ); commonly, this is the period between growing an “autumn‐sown crop” harvested late summer and a “spring‐sown crop” sown in mid‐spring to late spring the following year and harvested that summer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The legacy of cover crops on the soil habitat and ecosystem services in a heavy clay, minimum tillage rotation

Crotty

Stoate

2019

Food and Energy Security

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Cover crops are grown as potential ways to improve soil fertility, soil structure, and biodiversity, while reducing weed/pest burdens. Yet, increased costs (in both time and fuel), farmer knowledge requirements, and yield uncertainty (green bridge effect and variable crop establishment) have led to hesitation among farmers. This study was conducted at the field scale (covering an area of nearly 20 hectares) to determine whether different cover crop mixtures affected soil properties and ecosystem services on a heavy clay soil. Measurements of soil chemistry, physics, biology, weed abundance, and subsequent crop performance were taken within a minimum tillage management system, across three cover crop mixtures (commonly sold to UK farmers). The cover crop mixtures included oats (Avena sativa), radish (Raphanus sativus), phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia), vetch (Vicia sativa), legumes, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and a bare stubble control followed by a spring oat crop. Soil physics (penetrometer and bulk density) and chemistry (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, and organic matter) varied little across treatments, although there was significantly lower Mg in the cover crop including legumes and an increase in NO3 within this treatment. Soil biology and botanical composition were also assessed, monitoring earthworm and mesofauna abundance; and sown and unsown (weed) biomass. Epigeic earthworms were found to have significantly larger abundance in cover crop mixtures with radish present, although other meso‐ and macrofauna did not differ. Significant weed suppression was found during both the cover crop growing period and as a legacy in the subsequent crop, leading to significant yield increases and economic benefits in some treatments. Our study confirms that cover crops are providing benefits, even on heavy clay soils, including improvements in nutrient leaching risk reduction, weed suppression, and crop yield, coupled with wider ecosystem benefits. We therefore consider cover crops to have a role in sustainable management of arable rotations.

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“…Several investigations have proven the importance of crop rotation as an important tool for wheat disease control and as a possibility for decreasing fungicide pressure. Wheat leaf diseases are considered the most important factor in decreasing the yields in wheat-after-wheat fields in Uruguay [6]. Andert et al (2016), concluded that less fungicides were necessary if crop sequences were used and a high risk of wheat diseases was observed if the pre-crops and pre-pre-crops were cereals and maize [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Agronomic Practice on the Control of Wheat Leaf Diseases

et al. 2018

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Soil tillage and crop rotation are considered important tools in wheat leaf disease control; however, the results of investigations are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the soil tillage system and cropping sequence on the development of winter wheat leaf diseases in 2012-2017. The disease development was assessed in a two-factor experiment: (a) soil tillage system; and (b) crop rotation. Foliar fungicides were used uniformly in all variants. The results showed that tan spot (caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) dominated in 2012, 2013, and 2016, but the level of Septoria tritici blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici) was essentially lower and exceeded the severity of tan spot only in 2015. The agronomic practice used significantly influenced only the development of tan spot. Reduced soil tillage and continuous wheat sowing substantially increased tan spot severity, especially when both practices were used simultaneously. Short crop rotation (only wheat and oilseed rape) provided sufficient control of tan spot in ploughed fields, whereas in non-ploughed fields, the level of this disease did not decrease. The results could be explained by differences in the pathogens' life cycle: P. tritici-repentis ascospores in wheat debris is the main source of infection; in contrast, Z. tritici spreads by conidia from living plants.

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Yield losses on wheat crops associated to the previous winter crop: Impact of agronomic practices based on on-farm analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

The impact of fungicide treatment and Integrated Pest Management on barley yields: Analysis of a long term field trials database

The impact of fungicide treatment and Integrated Pest Management on barley yields: Analysis of a long term field trials database

The legacy of cover crops on the soil habitat and ecosystem services in a heavy clay, minimum tillage rotation

Importance of Agronomic Practice on the Control of Wheat Leaf Diseases

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