Yaws in the Americas, 1950-1975

Hopkins, Donald R.

doi:10.1093/infdis/136.4.548

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…There is scarce recent information on the epidemiological situation of yaws in the WHO region of the Americas where, since 1977, this disease has no longer been identified as a public health problem 45. Yaws incidence had been very low since 1970 with small foci remaining in Ecuador, Suriname, Guyana, Colombia, and some islands of the Caribbean 45.…”

Section: Remapping the Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of yaws: an update

Kazadi

Asiedu²,

Agana³

et al. 2014

CLEP

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Yaws, a neglected tropical disease, is targeted for eradication by 2020 through large-scale mass-treatment programs of endemic communities. A key determinant for the success of the eradication campaign is good understanding of the disease epidemiology. We did a review of historical trends and new information from endemic countries, with the aim of assessing the state of knowledge on yaws disease burden. Transmission of yaws is now present in Africa, Asia, and the South Pacific. At least 12 countries are known to harbor yaws cases and 21 to 42 million people live in endemic areas. Between 2008 and 2012 more than 300,000 new cases were reported to the World Health Organization. Yaws presented high geographical variation within a country or region, high seasonality for incidence of active disease, and evidence that low standards of hygiene predispose to suffering of the disease. Key data issues include low levels of reporting, potential misdiagnosis, and scarce documentation on prevalence of asymptomatic infections. Currently available data most likely underestimates the magnitude of the disease burden. More effort is needed in order to refine accuracy of data currently being reported. A better characterization of the epidemiology of yaws globally is likely to positively impact on planning and implementation of yaws eradication.

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Section: Remapping the Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of yaws: an update

Kazadi

Asiedu²,

Agana³

et al. 2014

CLEP

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“…En la zona del sur del país se han informado más casos que en las otras zonas (7,11,12). En Ecuador, provincia de Esmeraldas, limítrofe con Colombia, se estudió en 1991 el foco más recientemente localizado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En zonas hiperendémicas de Nigeriaseptentrional, pasaron de una prevalencia de 4,2 a 0,02%; en Samoa occidental, de 3,O a 0,005%, y, en Filipinas, de 0 , l a 0,01% (2,6). En el hemisferio occidental, con tratamientos en masa, la incidencia, que era de más de 44.000 casos por año en el período 1950-1 954, bajó a437 casos en 1975 (7). En 1982, la incidencia notificada de pian en las Américas fue muy baja, con pequeños focos en Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Surinam, Haití y en las islas de Dominica y Martinica (6).…”

Section: Yaws Seroepidemiological Survey In the Pacific Coast Of Colounclassified

Encuesta seroepidemiológica de pian en la Costa Pacífica colombiana

Restrepo

Orozco³

et al. 2001

biomedica

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El pian ha sido endémico en la Costa Pacífica colombiana, pero actualmente su frecuencia real es desconocida, razón por la cual se realizó un estudio en las comunidades de esta zona del país donde se habían conocido casos de pian. Se hizo búsqueda activa de casos clínicos sospechosos a través de examen físico de personas con problemas dermatológicos; a todos ellos se les practicaron exámenes serológicos de VDRL y FTA-ABS. Por cada caso clínico sospechoso de pian, se estudiaron -por clínica y serologia -4 contactos intradomiciliarios y 42 contactos extradomiciliarios. De las 1.830 personas examinadas, sólo 6 fueron reactivas a las pruebas de VDRL y FTA-ABS, lo cual representa una prevalencia de treponematosis de 0,3%. Ninguna de las pruebas serológicas fue reactiva en los casos clínicos sospechosos de pian. Esto nos lleva a concluir que, en la Costa Pacífica colombiana, el pian no es un problema de salud pública y que se registran como pian otras enfermedades cuando el diagnóstico tiene sólo bases clínicas.Palabras clave: treponematosis, pian, seroepidemiología. Yaws seroepidemiological survey in the Pacific Coast of ColombiaYaws has been endemic in the Pacific Coast of Colombia, but the actual prevalence is not known. For this reason we carried out a survey in the communities of this part of the countty where cases had been observed. The active search for cases was based on clinical observations of patients with dermatological disorders, to whom VDRL and FA-ABS tests were administered. The epidemiological survey included 4 intradomiciliary cases for each of the clinical patients detected and also 42 extradomiciliary cases. From a total of 1,830 persons examined, only 6 presented positive results for the VDRL and FTA-ABS tests, which represents a treponema infection prevalence of 0.3%. None of the clinically suspected yaw cases reacted positively to the mentioned tests. These findings permit us to conclude that yaws is not a public health problem in the Pacific Coast of Colombia, and that the sole use of clinical parameters induces to mistaken diagnosis.

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“…There is no recent information on the epidemiological situation of yaws in the WHO Region of the Americas, where since 1977 this disease has no longer been identified as a public health problem (256). As always, it is not known whether a lack of reported cases is the result of true disease elimination or lack of surveillance.…”

Section: Yawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endemic Treponematoses

2014

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SUMMARY The agents of human treponematoses include four closely related members of the genus Treponema : three subspecies of Treponema pallidum plus Treponema carateum . T. pallidum subsp. pallidum causes venereal syphilis, while T. pallidum subsp. pertenue , T. pallidum subsp. endemicum , and T. carateum are the agents of the endemic treponematoses yaws, bejel (or endemic syphilis), and pinta, respectively. All human treponematoses share remarkable similarities in pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, consistent with the high genetic and antigenic relatedness of their etiological agents. Distinctive features have been identified in terms of age of acquisition, most common mode of transmission, and capacity for invasion of the central nervous system and fetus, although the accuracy of these purported differences is debated among investigators and no biological basis for these differences has been identified to date. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially set a goal for yaws eradication by 2020. This challenging but potentially feasible endeavor is favored by the adoption of oral azithromycin for mass treatment and the currently focused distribution of yaws and endemic treponematoses and has revived global interest in these fascinating diseases and their causative agents.

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Yaws in the Americas, 1950-1975

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Epidemiology of yaws: an update

Epidemiology of yaws: an update

Encuesta seroepidemiológica de pian en la Costa Pacífica colombiana

The Endemic Treponematoses

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