Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Mirić, Dijana; Kisić, Bojana; Filipović-Danić, Snežana; Grbić, R; Dragojević, Ilija; Miric, Marko B.; Puhalo-Sladoje, Dragana

doi:10.1155/2016/4370490

Cited by 59 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…The possible active role of xanthine oxidase in oxidative stress in type 2 DM has not received sufficient attention. A few studies have demonstrated increased XO activity in such patients and showed a positive correlation with HBA1C levels in the ranges of respectively 7.1%‐9.3% in one study and 7.6%‐8.8% in the other . The HBA1C range in the 170 patients included in this meta‐analysis was 6.1%‐7.25% .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Allopurinol and endothelial function: A systematic review with meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Alem

2018

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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SummaryAimOxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are two inter‐related conditions commonly seen in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. The enzyme, xanthine oxidase, is an important contributor to these phenomena but to a variable degree in different patient populations. This meta‐analysis will summarize the effect of allopurinol, an established xanthine oxidase inhibitor, on endothelial function among patients with different comorbidities.MethodsMedline Complete, PubMed, ProQuest, ClinicalKey, Wiley Online Library, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched till July 29, 2017. Meta‐analysis was planned for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated allopurinol effects on endothelial function. A random effect model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (with 95% confidence intervals: CI) as an estimate of effect size. Heterogeneity was quantified by four types of information: Q statistics, I 2 statistic, Tau‐squared (T 2), and Tau (T).ResultsThirty eligible studies were identified; 12 were included in the final analysis and subdivided among 3 patient’s groups: patients with chronic heart failure (CHF; 197 patients), patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD; 183 patients), and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM; 170 patients). Allopurinol was found to have a statistically significant benefit on endothelial function in patients with CHF and CKD but not in type 2 DM. The standardized mean differences and CI in the three patient’s groups were 0.776 (0.429, 1.122), 0.350 (0.009, 0.690), and 1.331 (−0.781, 3.444), respectively.ConclusionAllopurinol has an antioxidant property that might partially reverse endothelial dysfunction in patients with certain comorbidities. The importance of this property and the magnitude of the beneficial effect are likely to be related to the relative contribution of xanthine oxidase into the oxidative stress associated with different underlying pathologies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Allopurinol and endothelial function: A systematic review with meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Alem

2018

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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“…Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that is involved in generation of ROS. Moreover, it has been shown that serum xanthine oxidase activity is directly associated with AGE levels . Zinc has capacity to inhibit production of this enzyme …”

Section: Possible Mechanistic Model Of Zinc In the Inhibition Of Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc against advanced glycation end products

Kheirouri

Alizadeh

Maleki

2018

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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Summary Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are destructive compounds with pathogenic importance in age‐related chronic diseases. Zinc has antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic potential. This study aimed to summarize effects of zinc on AGE formation and AGE‐induced damaging agents. Pubmed, Google scholar, Web of Sciences, and Scopus databases were searched. There was no limitation for publication date. English language original articles (in vitro, experimental and human studies) which examined the effect of external zinc on AGE formation, AGE‐induced apoptosis, or oxidative stress in mammals were included. To review the effect of zinc on AGE generation, the search keywords were as follows: “zinc” in title and “AGEs” or “methylglyoxal” or “pentosidine” or “carboxymethyllysine” or “glucosylation” or “carbonyl stress” or “AGEs‐induced apoptosis or oxidative stress or inflammation” in title/abstract. In total, 90 titles and abstracts were identified. Fifty‐two studies were screened after duplicates were removed. Six articles were chosen for review following analysis of both titles and summaries. Finally, based on intensive critical appraisal, 5 articles were included in the study. The evidence presented indicates that zinc has anti‐glycation, anti‐oxidative and anti‐apoptotic effects. Zinc insufficiency may stimulate AGEs formation. Whereas, zinc supplementation could inhibit formation of AGEs, AGE‐induced cell apoptosis and oxidative stress status, and protein carbonyl formation possibly through various signalling pathways.

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“…Our data is supported by a recent clinical study showing that serum XO levels are significantly increased in both type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy in comparison to healthy controls. Xanthine oxidase activity was also directly correlated to the formation of AGEs in these patients [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

New Methodology for Rapid Formation and Prevention of Advanced Glycation end Products (AGEs) In Vitro Coupled with the Hypoxanthine/Xanthine Oxidase Assay System

Marques¹,

Trevisan²,

Maia³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) represent a set of substances that contribute directly to the triggering and/or aggravation of pathologies associated with ageing. AGEs are produced by the reaction between reducing sugars (or α-dicarbonyl compounds) proteins and amino acid residues. Current methodologies require an incubation period of 1-3 weeks to generate AGEs. In this study the reaction time for the formation of AGEs (48 and 3 hours) is significantly reduced by coupling and adapting procedures already existing in the literature to the free radical generation system called the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase assay. The capacity of different classes and chemical compounds (aminoguanidine, chlorogenic acid, rutin, extracts of Hancornia speciosa Gomes) were evaluated to inhibit the protein glycation process, acting as capturing agents of α-dicarbonyl species. Aminoguanidine, rutin and the leaf extracts of Hancornia speciosa Gomes show a high capacity to act as α-dicarbonyl compound scavengers (RCS-trapping) and resulting in the inhibition of AGEs formation.

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Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Cited by 59 publications

References 35 publications

Allopurinol and endothelial function: A systematic review with meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Allopurinol and endothelial function: A systematic review with meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Zinc against advanced glycation end products

New Methodology for Rapid Formation and Prevention of Advanced Glycation end Products (AGEs) In Vitro Coupled with the Hypoxanthine/Xanthine Oxidase Assay System

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