X-Ray Holography at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Abstract

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Soft X-ray microscopes and their biological applications

“…Some progress has been made toward the goal of full three-dimensional imaging by McNulty et al (19926) using multiview Fourier transform holography. However, the most successful experiment so far has been carried out by the same team using the X-iA STXM (Haddad et al 1994 a, b). Provided that the depth of focus of the zone plate probe is greater than the sample thickness, the STXM projections can be treated in the same way as the data from a standard straightray tomography experiment.…”

“…It uses a multilayercoated condenser to illuminate the specimen, which in turn is imaged using a high resolution zone plate made by Erik Anderson. Images of test patterns and of dry biological specimens have been obtained using 200 picosecond exposures at a wavelength of 4*483 nm (DaSilva et al 1992A), and experiments with wet specimens in the water window are imminent (Trebes et al 1994).…”

“…X-ray lasers, useable as flash sources for coherent imaging, have been under development for some time at Livermore and elsewhere (Matthews et al 1985;Suckewer et al 1985;Trebes et al 1987). Plans for a laser dedicated to applications in the wavelength range best suited for biological imaging have been put forward (London et al 1992 a), and considerable technical progress toward its realization has been made (Trebes et al 1994).…”