Worldwide distribution of human papillomavirus types in cytologically normal women in the International Agency for Research on Cancer HPV prevalence surveys: a pooled analysis

Clifford, Gary M.; Gallus, Silvano; Herrero, Rolando; Muñóz, Núbia; Snijders, Peter J.F.; Vaccarella, Salvatore; Anh, Phạm Thị Hoàng; Ferreccio, Catterina; Hieu, Nguyen Trong; Matos, Elena; Molano, Mónica; Rajkumar, R; Ronco, Guglielmo; Sanjosé, Sílvia de; Shin, Hai‐Rim; Sukvirach, Sukhon; Thomas, J; Tunsakul, Sirirat; Meijer, Chris J.L.M.; Franceschi, Silvia

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67069-9

Cited by 935 publications

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“…Within hrHPVpositive women, HPV16 and HPV31 were the most prevalent types. Both types were also the most prevalent ones in an earlier pooled analysis of data from three European countries (Clifford et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…To make a well-judged decision about the future role of both vaccination and screening in cervical cancer prevention, detailed information about type-specific hrHPV distribution is required. Data on hrHPV prevalence and type distribution in the Netherlands have been reported previously, but only for a relatively small cohort of 3305 women (Jacobs et al, 2000a;Clifford et al, 2005). To obtain reliable estimates of the hrHPV type distribution in relation to age, both for women with normal and for women with abnormal cytology, data from a far larger cohort are needed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

et al. 2008

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We determined the prevalence of type-specific hrHPV infections in the Netherlands on cervical scrapes of 45 362 women aged 18 -65 years. The overall hrHPV prevalence peaked at the age of 22 with peak prevalence of 24%. Each of the 14 hrHPV types decreased significantly with age (P-values between 0.0009 and 0.03). The proportion of HPV16 in hrHPV-positive infections also decreased with age (OR ¼ 0.76 (10-year scale), 95% CI ¼ 0.67 -0.85), and a similar trend was observed for HPV16 when selecting hrHPV-positive women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2 þ ) (OR ¼ 0.76, 95% CI ¼ 0.56 -1.01). In women eligible for routine screening (age 29 -61 years) with confirmed CIN2 þ , 65% was infected with HPV16 and/or HPV18. When HPV16/18-positive infections in women eligible for routine screening were discarded, the positive predictive value of cytology for the detection of CIN2 þ decreased from 27 to 15%, the positive predictive value of hrHPV testing decreased from 26 to 15%, and the predictive value of a double-positive test (positive HPV test and a positive cytology) decreased from 54 to 41%. In women vaccinated against HPV16/18, screening remains important to detect cervical lesions caused by non-HPV16/18 types. To maintain a high-positive predictive value, screening algorithms must be carefully re-evaluated with regard to the screening modalities and length of the screening interval. British Journal of Cancer (2008) . Prophylactic vaccines are now available that are effective against incident and persistent HPV16 and 18 infections (Koutsky et al, 2002;Munoz et al, 2003;Harper et al, 2006; Villa et al, 2006). Mass vaccination can have a substantial impact on the cervical cancer incidence, even in developed countries where the incidence is already low because of implementation of organised cervical screening. To make a well-judged decision about the future role of both vaccination and screening in cervical cancer prevention, detailed information about type-specific hrHPV distribution is required. Data on hrHPV prevalence and type distribution in the Netherlands have been reported previously, but only for a relatively small cohort of 3305 women (Jacobs et al, 2000a;Clifford et al, 2005). To obtain reliable estimates of the hrHPV type distribution in relation to age, both for women with normal and for women with abnormal cytology, data from a far larger cohort are needed. In this study, we determined the age-dependent prevalence of 14 hrHPV types and the age-dependent type distribution within hrHPV-positive women from a cohort of 45 362 women in the Netherlands aged 18 -65 years. The results from the current study give an impression of the potential benefits that can be achieved from HPV16/18 vaccination. They can also be used to gain insight into the effects of partial cross-protection against HPV types 31 and 45 (Harper et al, 2006). Furthermore, the figures will serve as inputs for simulation models in which different vaccination and screening strategies will be compared. MATERIALS AND METHOD...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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confidence: 99%

Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

et al. 2008

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“…The rationale and planning of such measures greatly benefit from knowledge of overall, age-, and type-specific HPV prevalence in women with and without cancer. To this end, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has carried out surveys in representative samples of women worldwide [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus infection in women with and without cervical cancer in Nepal

Sherpa

Clifford

Vaccarella

et al. 2009

Cancer Causes Control

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Objectives Cervical cancer is the most common malignancy among Nepalese women. Rational prevention measures are informed by epidemiological data on human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence. Methods Cervical specimens were obtained from 932 married women aged 15-59 years from the general population of Bharatpur, Nepal, as well as from 61 locally diagnosed invasive cervical cancers (ICC). HPV was detected using a GP5?/6? PCR-based assay. Results Among the general population, the overall prevalence of HPV was 8.6% (6.1% for high-risk types). Prevalence of abnormal Pap smears was 3.6%, including five high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Residence in slum housing, lower education level, C3 sexual partners in a woman's lifetime, and husband's extramarital affairs were significantly associated with HPV positivity. HPV prevalence was relatively constant across all age groups. HPV16 was the most common type, both among the general population (1.9%) and among 54 women with HPVpositive ICC (68.5%). HPV18 (22.2%) and 45 (5.6%) were also common in ICC. Conclusions Nepal has an intermediate burden of HPV infection, lower than many areas in India and China. Approximately 80% of cervical cancer in Nepal is theoretically preventable by HPV16/18 vaccines. In the meantime, screen-and-treat approaches should be encouraged to overcome difficulties that were encountered to recall women with screening-positive findings.

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“…Available data suggest, however, a higher prevalence and wider spectrum of oncogenic HPV types compared to studies conducted elsewhere (Castellsague et al, 2001;De Vuyst et al, 2003;Mayaud et al, 2003;Clifford et al, 2005;Wall et al, 2005). Furthermore, the high background prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) observed in many African settings adds complexity to our understanding of the epidemiology of HPV…”

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confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus genotype distribution and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among high-risk women with and without HIV-1 infection in Burkina Faso

et al. 2006

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) were studied in 379 high-risk women. Human papillomavirus DNA was detected in 238 of 360 (66.1%) of the beta-globin-positive cervical samples, and 467 HPV isolates belonging to 35 types were identified. Multiple (2 -7 types) HPV infections were observed in 52.9% of HPV-infected women. The most prevalent HPV types were HPV-52 (14.7%), HPV-35 (9.4%), HPV-58 (9.4%), HPV-51 (8.6%), HPV-16 (7.8%), HPV-31 (7.5%), HPV-53 (6.7%), and HPV-18 (6.4%). Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroprevalence was 36.0%. Human papillomavirus prevalence was significantly higher in HIV-1-infected women (87 vs 54%, prevalence ratio ( Cervical cancer is the most frequent cancer of women in developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (Parkin et al, 1999), and it is now well established that genital infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) causes virtually all cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) (Walboomers et al, 1999). The HPV types that infect the genital tract have been subdivided into low-risk (LR) types, which are principally found in nonmalignant lesions such as genital warts, and high-risk (HR) types, which are associated with the development of CIN and ICC. Human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, 70, 72, 81, and 89 are classified as LR types, whereas types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73, and 82 are classified as HR types. In addition, HPV types 26, 53, and 66 are considered as probably carcinogenic (Muñoz et al, 2003).Human papillomavirus prophylactic vaccines are now being developed and promising results have been obtained with recombinant L1 capsid protein virus-like particles (VLPs). However, the current HPV vaccines target the most prevalent high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types worldwide, namely HPV-16 and HPV-18 (Koutsky et al, 2002;Ault et al, 2004;Brown et al, 2004;Harper et al, 2004). It has been shown that crossneutralisation induced by L1 VLPs represents less than 1% of the neutralising activity induced by the dominant conformational epitope , indicating that current HPV vaccines would be able to confer only type-specific immunity. Therefore, effectiveness of these vaccines on the prevention of cancer may be lower in populations highly affected by HR-HPV types other than HPV-16 and HPV-18. Thus, it is important to document the distribution of HPV genotypes in HPV-infected women and in women with cervical neoplasia in African countries in order to assess the potential effectiveness of a bivalent HPV-16/18 vaccine.There have been few detailed studies of HPV genotypes and their association with intraepithelial lesions or ICC in sub-Saharan Africa. Available data suggest, however, a higher prevalence and wider spectrum of oncogenic HPV types compared to studies conducted elsewhere (Castellsague et al, 2001;De Vuyst et al, 2003;Mayaud et al, 2003;Clifford et al, 2005;Wall et al, 2005). Furthermore, the high backgr...

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Worldwide distribution of human papillomavirus types in cytologically normal women in the International Agency for Research on Cancer HPV prevalence surveys: a pooled analysis

Cited by 935 publications

References 35 publications

Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

Human papillomavirus infection in women with and without cervical cancer in Nepal

Human papillomavirus genotype distribution and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among high-risk women with and without HIV-1 infection in Burkina Faso

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