Working together: interactions between vaccine antigens and adjuvants

Fox, Christopher B.; Kramer, Ryan M.; Barnes, Lucien; Dowling, Quinton M.; Vedvick, Thomas S.

doi:10.1177/2051013613480144

Cited by 95 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…28 Moreover, increased protein densities, which are apparent on the flattened liposomes, could alter cell uptake and immunogenicity due to multimeric antigen presentation. 29 Also it remains to be determined whether the presence of TLR agonists alters the formation of the flattened liposomes. Finally, the effects of different buffers and other common vaccine excipients on lipid structures should be evaluated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of recombinant tuberculosis vaccine antigen with anionic liposomes reveals formation of flattened liposomes

Fox¹,

Mulligan²,

Sung³

et al. 2014

IJN

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Development of lipid-based adjuvant formulations to enhance the immunogenicity of recombinant vaccine antigens is a focus of modern vaccine research. Characterizing interactions between vaccine antigens and formulation excipients is important for establishing compatibility between the different components and optimizing vaccine stability and potency. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a highly informative analytical technique that may elucidate various aspects of protein- and lipid-based structures, including morphology, size, shape, and phase structure, while avoiding artifacts associated with staining-based TEM. In this work, cryogenic TEM is employed to characterize a recombinant tuberculosis vaccine antigen, an anionic liposome formulation, and antigen–liposome interactions. By performing three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction analysis, the formation of a population of protein-containing flattened liposomes, not present in the control samples, was detected. It is shown that cryogenic TEM provides unique information regarding antigen–liposome interactions not detectable by light-scattering-based methods. Employing a suite of complementary analytical techniques is important to fully characterize interactions between vaccine components.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of recombinant tuberculosis vaccine antigen with anionic liposomes reveals formation of flattened liposomes

Fox¹,

Mulligan²,

Sung³

et al. 2014

IJN

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show abstract

“…This stimulated some studies into the conjugation of antigen to aluminium nanoparticles [97,98]. These studies showed that the aluminium particles are able to play the role of both carrier and adjuvant to stimulate the immune system, although it has also been shown that aluminium particles are capable of adsorbing antigen so tightly that antigen structure is altered, which reduces vaccine efficacy [98,99].…”

Section: Inorganic Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel approaches for the design, delivery and administration of vaccine technologies

Wallis

Shenton

Carlisle

2019

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Summary It is easy to argue that vaccine development represents humankind’s most important and successful endeavour, such is the impact that vaccination has had on human morbidity and mortality over the last 200 years. During this time the original method of Jenner and Pasteur, i.e. that of injecting live‐attenuated or inactivated pathogens, has been developed and supplemented with a wide range of alternative approaches which are now in clinical use or under development. These next‐generation technologies have been designed to produce a vaccine that has the effectiveness of the original live‐attenuated and inactivated vaccines, but without the associated risks and limitations. Indeed, the method of development has undoubtedly moved away from Pasteur’s three Is paradigm (isolate, inactivate, inject) towards an approach of rational design, made possible by improved knowledge of the pathogen–host interaction and the mechanisms of the immune system. These novel vaccines have explored methods for targeted delivery of antigenic material, as well as for the control of release profiles, so that dosing regimens can be matched to the time‐lines of immune system stimulation and the realities of health‐care delivery in dispersed populations. The methods by which vaccines are administered are also the subject of intense research in the hope that needle and syringe dosing, with all its associated issues regarding risk of injury, cross‐infection and patient compliance, can be replaced. This review provides a detailed overview of new vaccine vectors as well as information pertaining to the novel delivery platforms under development.

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“…Overall, it can be stated that proteins and peptides have improved the vaccine safety profile in comparison with live attenuated pathogens, however, their poor immunogenicity is definitely hindering their development and success (Gori et al, 2013;Purcell et al, 2007). For this reason, it is essential to advance in the design of novel adjuvants that may help providing these vaccines with a robust immune response (Fox et al, 2013).…”

Section: Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoengineering of vaccines using natural polysaccharides

Cordeiro

Alonso

Fuente

2015

Biotechnology Advances

101

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Currently, there are over 70 licensed vaccines, which prevent the pathogenesis of around 30 viruses and bacteria. Nevertheless, there are still important challenges in this area, which include the development of more active, non-invasive, and thermo-resistant vaccines. Important biotechnological advances have led to safer subunit antigens, such as proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids. However, their limited immunogenicity has demanded potent adjuvants that can strengthen the immune response. Particulate nanocarriers hold a high potential as adjuvants in vaccination. Due to their pathogen-like size and structure, they can enhance immune responses by mimicking the natural infection process. Additionally, they can be tailored for non-invasive mucosal administration (needle-free vaccination), and control the delivery of the associated antigens to a specific location and for prolonged times, opening room for single-dose vaccination. Moreover, they allow co-association of immunostimulatory molecules to improve the overall adjuvant capacity. The natural and ubiquitous character of polysaccharides, together with their intrinsic immunomodulating properties, their biocompatibility, and biodegradability, justify their interest in the engineering of nanovaccines. In this review, we aim to provide a state-of-the-art overview regarding the application of nanotechnology in vaccine delivery, with a focus on the most recent advances in the development and application of polysaccharide-based antigen nanocarriers.

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Working together: interactions between vaccine antigens and adjuvants

Cited by 95 publications

References 101 publications

Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of recombinant tuberculosis vaccine antigen with anionic liposomes reveals formation of flattened liposomes

Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of recombinant tuberculosis vaccine antigen with anionic liposomes reveals formation of flattened liposomes

Novel approaches for the design, delivery and administration of vaccine technologies

Nanoengineering of vaccines using natural polysaccharides

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