Work stress and problem alcohol behavior: a test of the spillover model

Abstract

SummaryAlthough previous research has found weak support for the model of stressful work spilling over' to negative coping responses during nonwork hours, we argue that a variety of conceptual and methodological problems may partially explain the weak and inconsistent ®ndings. Two important shortcomings are inadequately speci®ed models and a failure to consider nonescapist responses to job-related stress. We therefore propose that there may be escapist (i.e. increased drinking, working through job dissatisfaction for those who believe that alcohol consumption is an eective means to reduce stress) and nonescapist (i.e. decreased drinking for those who are dissatis®ed with their jobs but do not believe alcohol is an eective coping strategy) responses to work stress. These hypotheses were tested on a sample of 972 production workers in the Paci®c northwest. Results show moderate support for the existence of both escapist and nonescapist responses to job-related stresses.

Individual and Organizational Consequences of Job Insecurity: A European Study

“…They also replicate previous research that has uncovered negative effects of job insecurity on individually oriented work attitudes, such as job satisfaction (e.g. Ashford et al, 1989;Grunberg et al, 1998;Lim, 1996;Rosenblatt and Ruvio, 1996), as well as organizationally oriented attitudes (e.g. Armstrong-Stassen, 1993;Davy et al, 1997;Iverson and Roy, 1994;McFarlane Shore and Tetrick, 1991).…”

Trainee chefs' experiences of alcohol, tobacco and drug use

“…Physically or psychologically demanding work has been found to lead to high levels of work stress, which in turn is associated with increased alcohol (and other drug) use (Frone, 1999;Grunberg, Moore, Anderson-Connolly, & Greenberg, 1999;Grunberg, Moore, & Greenberg, 1998). This theory was supported in the current study, where alcohol and/or cannabis were frequently used to "wind down" or relax after the stress of service.…”

Alcohol use among workers in male-dominated industries: A systematic review of risk factors

“…In contrast to Marchand's (2008) findings, workers in lower status occupations were more at risk of alcohol use and dependence than workers in higher status occupations (Crum et al, 1995). Grunberg et al (1998) found income to be negatively associated with heavy drinking, drinking to cope, and negative consequences of drinking. Marchand (2008) found that socio-economic factors (including being male, living together (i.e.…”

“…These findings were in contrast to research on the general working population in Australia where young workers were more likely to be heavy drinkers . Consistent with such research, a study of weak methodological strength found younger age to be associated with drinking to cope and negative consequences of drinking (p < .01) (Grunberg et al, 1998).…”