“…Grounded in concepts of self-control (Lovelace et al, 2007), self-management involves regulating one's behavior to reduce discrepancies from externally set standards (Manz, 1986) by encouraging behaviors such as self-observation, self-goal setting, incentive modification, and self-rehearsal (Manz and Sims, 1980;Neck et al, 1999). At the heart of this approach is the idea that leaders should develop skills in followers that promote their capacity to take more responsibility for their own direction and motivation (Lovelace et al, 2007). "Self-leadership implies that leadership can be self-imposed and thus does not require the traditional roles of leader and follower.…”