Work-Family Facilitation and Conflict, Working Fathers and Mothers, Work-Family Stressors and Support

Abstract

Work-family research frequently focuses on the conflict experienced by working mothers. Using data from the National Study of the Changing Workforce ( N = 1,314), this study also examined work-family facilitation and working fathers. Ecological systems, family stress, family resilience, and sex role theories were used to organize the data and create hypotheses. Work-to-family facilitation was positively related to job satisfaction and life satisfaction, and negatively related to individual stress. Family-to-work facilitation was positively related to marital satisfaction, family satisfaction, and life satisfaction, and negatively related to organizational commitment. Working fathers reported long work hours (49 hours/week), major involvement in household responsibilities (46 hours/week), and a work culture less supportive of their family life than working mothers reported. However, working fathers reported less work-family conflict, less individual stress, and greater family satisfaction, marital satisfaction, and life satisfaction than working mothers. The results support including facilitation and gender in future work-family research.

Conflito trabalho-família: Um estudo com motoristas profissionais

“…ex., Grzywacz & Marks, 2000;Hill, 2005) e que reforça o papel da organização (nesse caso, o dos supervisores) na gestão da interface entre as vidas profissional e pessoal tal como preconizado, por exemplo, por Silva, Prata e Ferreira (2014).…”

“…Hill (2005) e MesmerMagnus e Viswesvaran (2009), em seus estudos, conceitualizam que conseguir equilíbrio entre trabalho e família gera elevados níveis de satisfação com a família, funcionamento familiar, bemestar do indivíduo, satisfação com o trabalho e envolvimento com a organização. O estudo de Oliveira et al (2013), com base em uma amostra de cerca de 300 trabalhadores com nível superior completo, observou um impacto significativo do conflito trabalhofamília com a satisfação no trabalho.…”

“…Jacobs e Gerson (2004) consideram que a existência de percepção de apoio por parte dos supervisores no local de trabalho pode contribuir para um decréscimo das consequências do conflito e pode funcionar como impulsionador de integração dos papéis laborais e familiares. Sob esse ponto de vista, alguns estudos (Grzywacz & Marks, 2000;Hill, 2005) evidenciaram que o apoio percebido por parte da supervisão está rela cionado com uma menor percepção de conflito trabalhofamília, menor estresse individual e maior satisfação com a vida e com o trabalho.…”

Les politiques de conciliation travail-famille : la nécessité d’une analyse intersectorielle ?

“…Sur le plan plus général, les parents qui éprouvent des difficultés à concilier leurs obligations professionnelles et leurs activités familiales sont moins satisfaits de leur vie (Demerouti et Geurts, 2004 ;Brotheridge et Lee, 2005 ;Hill, 2005 ;Pasupuleti et al, 2009). Plus encore, la conjugaison des activités familiales et professionnelles a un impact sur la santé mentale des individus et sur leur bien-être (Grywacz, 2000 ;Van Rijswijk et al, 2004 ;Oomens et al, 2007).…”

Dukungan Suami dan Kepuasan Kerja yang Dimediasi oleh Konflik Pekerjaan-Keluarga pada Ibu yang Bekerja

“…Keluarga menjadi sentral bagi wanita sedangkan pekerjaan menjadi sentral bagi pria, dengan demikian pria lebih fokus pada pekerjaan sehingga pria tidak mempunyai waktu untuk membantu pekerjaan rumah tangga pasangannya (Ford, Heinen, & Langkamer, 2007), serta tidak meluangkan waktu untuk merawat anak (Hill, 2005). Hal ini didukung penelitian Ahmad (2005), meta-analisis yang dilakukan Ford et al (2007) dan Kossek dan Ozeki (1998) bahwa wanita mengalami konflik dari pekerjaan-keluarga karena pekerjaan pria dalam keluarga lebih fleksibel sedangkan pekerjaan wanita lebih bersifat rutinitas contohnya tanggung jawab terhadap anak terutama usia anak dibawah 12 tahun.…”