Women, Livestock Ownership and Markets: Bridging the Gender Gap in Eastern and Southern Africa

Salomon, Monique

doi:10.2989/10220119.2015.1029973

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…( 4 , 5 ). A lack of legal access to land for large ruminant rearing and grazing, the ease of physically restraining smaller animals, opportunities for informal ownership, and minimal required inputs lead women in developing countries to prioritize these species ( 6 ).Women have limited access to services, credit, technology, training, and information regarding livestock, putting them at greater risk of animal death or low productivity ( 7 ). They have less access to markets and cooperatives and income generated from livestock compared to men ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Outcome Mapping to Mobilize Critical Stakeholders for a Gender Responsive Rift Valley Fever and Newcastle Disease Vaccine Value Chain in Rwanda

Gannaway

Majyambere

Kabarungi

et al. 2022

Front. Glob. Womens Health

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Approximately 752 million of the world's poor keep livestock to produce food, generate income, and build assets. Women represent two-thirds (~400 million people) of low-income livestock keepers. Infectious diseases are a major issue in preventing livestock keepers from optimizing production earnings and improving food security. In Rwanda, highly contagious yet preventable diseases that affect animals that women manage, such as Rift Valley fever in goats and Newcastle disease in chickens have a high-mortality rate and can devastate their herds. Women are disproportionately affected because they bear primary responsibility for goats and chickens. These diseases are preventable through vaccination, but smallholder women farmers rarely benefit from livestock vaccines. Social norms and entrenched cultural stereotypes limit women's confidence and decision-making and restrict their access to resources and information. Women smallholder farmers find that there is little support for the small livestock they manage, because of the official preference given to cattle. They are also challenged by limited availability of livestock vaccines due to lack of a cold chain, inadequate extension, and veterinary services, especially for goats and chickens, and unreliable structures for vaccine delivery. To identify opportunities for women's engagement in the livestock vaccine value chain (LVVC) and reduce their barriers to accessing and using livestock vaccines, we used Outcome Mapping, a stakeholder engagement tool, and the Gender Equality Continuum Tool to classify and engage critical partners in the LVVC. We analyzed each critical partner's capacities, incentives, and drivers for engagement with women, challenges and barriers that hinder their support for women farmers, opportunities at systemic and programmatic levels for women's participation and benefit in the LVVC, and the gender capacities and perceptions of different stakeholders. Enhanced positioning and visibility of women in the LVVC can occur through a systemic engagement of all stakeholders, and recognition of the roles that women play. Women smallholder farmer involvement when determining and shaping the potential entry-points is critical to ensure support for their existing responsibilities in family food security, and future opportunities for generating income. Strengthening gender capacities of LVVC stakeholders, addressing identified barriers, and building on existing opportunities can increase women's participation in the LVVC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Outcome Mapping to Mobilize Critical Stakeholders for a Gender Responsive Rift Valley Fever and Newcastle Disease Vaccine Value Chain in Rwanda

Gannaway

Majyambere

Kabarungi

et al. 2022

Front. Glob. Womens Health

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“…Those respondents who appear to be most marginalised in terms of CFP engagement are from poorer (in terms of livestock holdings and livestock income) and femaleheaded households and there is considerable overlap between the two. Participation of women in livestock development initiatives of this type is often constrained by the strongly gendered nature of cattle ownership in African societies (Njuki & Sanginga, 2013). However, where women are de facto owners of cattle (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gender disparity in cattle ownership and marketing decisions is a well-documented phenomenon (e.g. IFAD, 2010;World Bank, 2009;Njuki & Sanginga, 2013). Overall, however, CFP participants had larger mean herd sizes, sold more cattle and derived a higher percentage of their income from cattle compared to non-participants (Table 8).…”

Section: Understanding Farmer Engagement With Cfpsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Constraints to the sustainability of a ‘systematised’ approach to livestock marketing amongst smallholder cattle producers in South Africa

Gwiriri

Bennett

Mapiye

et al. 2019

International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability

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This document is the author's post-print version, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer-review process. Some differences between the published version and this version may remain and you are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.Constraints to the sustainability of a 'systematised' approach to livestock marketing amongst smallholder cattle producers in South Africa.

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“…TLU is a standard convergence unit for livestock assets across various species and is defined as livestock's weight-based species exchange ratio (FAO, 2002). The conversion of livestock into TLU using species-equivalent TLU ratios did not account for livestock breed, rearing and feed system variations and is endorsed only for general analysis purposes (Njuki et al, 2013). The Sub-Saharan Africa TLU conversion factors used in this study are summarised in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender inequality in livestock asset ownership: implication for food security in the Wa West District, Ghana

Nadi

Nimoh

Antoh

et al. 2021

J. Agribus. Rural Dev.

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Food security is a complex phenomenon involving sociocultural and economic factors. This study examines gender inequality in livestock assets ownership on household food security in the Wa West District of Ghana. Data were collected from 400 households based on a cross-sectional survey and a multistage sampling of the respondents. Gender disparity in livestock assets distribution among men and women within the household was ascertained using the Gini index, while the household food consumption score technique was employed to determine household food security status. A binary logit regression model was used to assess the effect of gender inequality in livestock assets on household food security. The results indicated that, on average men owned 1.72 TLU compared to an average of 0.22 TLU owned by women. Livestock contribution to household food security was estimated at 16% of annual household food expenditure, with a composition of 0.90%, 6.04%, and 9.14% jointly owned, women owned, and men owned. Also, 33% of households were food insecure, while 67% of households were food secure at the time of the survey. The empirical results showed that a unit increase in the Gini index of livestock assets distribution in favour of men has a negative effect on household food security. The results further showed that household ownership of livestock, farm size, and education negatively influence household food insecurity, whereas household size, female-headed households, and dependency ratio positively affect household food insecurity in the study area. The study recommends that development programmes should target women’s economic empowerment and education to bridge the gender livestock assets gap to improve food security.

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Women, Livestock Ownership and Markets: Bridging the Gender Gap in Eastern and Southern Africa

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Using Outcome Mapping to Mobilize Critical Stakeholders for a Gender Responsive Rift Valley Fever and Newcastle Disease Vaccine Value Chain in Rwanda

Using Outcome Mapping to Mobilize Critical Stakeholders for a Gender Responsive Rift Valley Fever and Newcastle Disease Vaccine Value Chain in Rwanda

Constraints to the sustainability of a ‘systematised’ approach to livestock marketing amongst smallholder cattle producers in South Africa

Gender inequality in livestock asset ownership: implication for food security in the Wa West District, Ghana

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