WITHDRAWN: Hypericin-based Photodynamic Therapy Induces a Tumor-Specific Immune Response and an Effective DC-based cancer Immunotherapy

Zheng, Yang; Yin, Guifang; Le, Vanminh; Zhang, Anle; Lü, Yanhua; Yang, Minwei; Fei, Zhewei; Liu, Jianwen

doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2014.01.036

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The peak absorption band of hypericin is 600 nm, so orange light is used. Hypericin has been found to efficiently localize in the endoplasmic reticulum and to cause ER stress after light application, that can produce ‘damage associated molecular patterns’ that efficiently activate the immune system [62]. …”

Section: Natural Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

Abrahamse

Hamblin

2016

Biochemical Journal

1,600

1,172

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was discovered more than 100 years ago, and has since become a well-studied therapy for cancer and various non-malignant diseases including infections. PDT uses photosensitizers (PSs, non-toxic dyes) that are activated by absorption of visible light to initially form the excited singlet state, followed by transition to the long-lived excited triplet state. This triplet state can undergo photochemical reactions in the presence of oxygen to form reactive oxygen species (including singlet oxygen) that can destroy cancer cells, pathogenic microbes and unwanted tissue. The dual-specificity of PDT relies on accumulation of the PS in diseased tissue and also on localized light delivery. Tetrapyrrole structures such as porphyrins, chlorins, bacteriochlorins and phthalocyanines with appropriate functionalization have been widely investigated in PDT, and several compounds have received clinical approval. Other molecular structures including the synthetic dyes classes as phenothiazinium, squaraine and BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene), transition metal complexes, and natural products such as hypericin, riboflavin and curcumin have been investigated. Targeted PDT uses PSs conjugated to antibodies, peptides, proteins and other ligands with specific cellular receptors. Nanotechnology has made a significant contribution to PDT, giving rise to approaches such as nanoparticle delivery, fullerene-based PSs, titania photocatalysis, and the use of upconverting nanoparticles to increase light penetration into tissue. Future directions include photochemical internalization, genetically encoded protein PSs, theranostics, two-photon absorption PDT, and sonodynamic therapy using ultrasound.

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Section: Natural Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

Abrahamse

Hamblin

2016

Biochemical Journal

1,600

1,172

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“…ER stress and changes in redox homeostasis may trigger DCs in addition to the DAMPs. If ER stress occurs in the DCs themselves, it may accelerate DC maturation given the involvement of the UPR sensors (397,496,740,749). Other class V DAMPs may lead to functional expression of other classes of DAMPs.…”

Section: Class V Dampsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Consequences of Necroinflammation

Sarhan

Land

Tonnus

et al. 2018

Physiological Reviews

161

152

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When cells undergo necrotic cell death in either physiological or pathophysiological settings in vivo, they release highly immunogenic intracellular molecules and organelles into the interstitium and thereby represent the strongest known trigger of the immune system. With our increasing understanding of necrosis as a regulated and genetically determined process (RN, regulated necrosis), necrosis and necroinflammation can be pharmacologically prevented. This review discusses our current knowledge about signaling pathways of necrotic cell death as the origin of necroinflammation. Multiple pathways of RN such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis have been evolutionary conserved most likely because of their differences in immunogenicity. As the consequence of necrosis, however, all necrotic cells release damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that have been extensively investigated over the last two decades. Analysis of necroinflammation allows characterizing specific signatures for each particular pathway of cell death. While all RN-pathways share the release of DAMPs in general, most of them actively regulate the immune system by the additional expression and/or maturation of either pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. In addition, DAMPs have been demonstrated to modulate the process of regeneration. For the purpose of better understanding of necroinflammation, we introduce a novel classification of DAMPs in this review to help detect the relative contribution of each RN-pathway to certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions.

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“…Class V DAMPs, for example, reflected by intracellular stress‐signaling ion perturbations sensed by NLRP3 and/or reflected by ER stress perceived by UPR sensors such as the protein kinase R (PKR)‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), may contribute to the generation of immunostimulatory DCs. For example, class V DAMPs emitted by ER stress (almost always associated with oxidative stress) under involvement of the UPR sensors were reported to contribute to DC maturation .…”

Section: A Plethora Of Damps and An Attempt To Classify Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplantation and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)

Land

Agostinis

Gasser

et al. 2016

American Journal of Transplantation

131

110

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Upon solid organ transplantation and during cancer immunotherapy, cellular stress responses result in the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The various cellular stresses have been characterized in detail over the last decades, but a unifying classification based on clinically important aspects is lacking. Here, we provide an in-depth review of the most recent literature along with a unifying concept of the danger/injury model, suggest a classification of DAMPs, and review the recently elaborated mechanisms that result in the emission of such factors. We further point out the differences in DAMP responses including the release following a heat shock pattern, endoplasmic reticulum stress, DNA damage-mediated DAMP release, and discuss the diverse pathways of regulated necrosis in this respect. The understanding of various forms of DAMPs and the consequences of their different release patterns are prerequisite to associate serum markers of cellular stresses with clinical outcomes.

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WITHDRAWN: Hypericin-based Photodynamic Therapy Induces a Tumor-Specific Immune Response and an Effective DC-based cancer Immunotherapy

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

New photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

New photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

Origin and Consequences of Necroinflammation

Transplantation and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)

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