Wireless Sensor Networks for Ambient Assisted Living

Aquino-Santos, Raúl; Martínez-Castro, Diego; Edwards-Block, Arthur; Murillo-Piedrahita, Andrés Felipe

doi:10.3390/s131216384

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…All R peaks were detected by the Pan and Tompkins (PT) algorithm because it is simple and its performance has been well studied in many publications [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. The PT algorithm uses a BPF of 5–15 Hz to remove unnecessary signal parts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Motion Artifacts and Improvement of R Peak Detecting Accuracy Using Adjacent Non-Intrusive ECG Sensors

Choi

Jeong

Kim

et al. 2016

Sensors

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Non-intrusive electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring has many advantages: easy to measure and apply in daily life. However, motion noise in the measured signal is the major problem of non-intrusive measurement. This paper proposes a method to reduce the noise and to detect the R peaks of ECG in a stable manner in a sitting arrangement using non-intrusive sensors. The method utilizes two capacitive ECG sensors (cECGs) to measure ECG, and another two cECGs located adjacent to the sensors for ECG are added to obtain the information on motion. Then, active noise cancellation technique and the motion information are used to reduce motion noise. To verify the proposed method, ECG was measured indoors and during driving, and the accuracy of the detected R peaks was compared. After applying the method, the sum of sensitivity and positive predictivity increased 8.39% on average and 26.26% maximally in the data. Based on the results, it was confirmed that the motion noise was reduced and that more reliable R peak positions could be obtained by the proposed method. The robustness of the new ECG measurement method will elicit benefits to various health care systems that require noninvasive heart rate or heart rate variability measurements.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Motion Artifacts and Improvement of R Peak Detecting Accuracy Using Adjacent Non-Intrusive ECG Sensors

Choi

Jeong

Kim

et al. 2016

Sensors

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“…The worst-case execution time (WCET) can be measured by task, from the time that a message is read until it is sent, estimating the worst case that can be chosen. In our previous works [38][39][40], a description has also been made of the hardware and software implemented, and a complete calculation of the computing time has been made, taking into account the aspects mentioned above, and used in the same research works, which allows us to estimate the computation time using the WiSe mote as [38] in the worst-case, as 0.03 s by task and 0.08 s in the smart agent node, similarly by task.…”

Section: Worst-case End-to-end Delay Flow Control Signals Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Control of Multiple Evaporator Systems with Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks

et al. 2016

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This paper describes the complete integration of a fuzzy control of multiple evaporator systems with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, in which we study several important aspects for this kind of system, like a detailed analysis of the end-to-end real-time flows over wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSAN), a real-time kernel with an earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduler, periodic and aperiodic tasking models for the nodes, lightweight and flexible compensation-based control algorithms for WSAN that exhibit packet dropouts, an event-triggered sampling scheme and design methodologies. We address the control problem of the multi-evaporators with the presence of uncertainties, which was tackled through a wireless fuzzy control approach, showing the advantages of this concept where it can easily perform the optimization for a set of multiple evaporators controlled by the same smart controller, which should have an intelligent and flexible architecture based on multi-agent systems (MAS) that allows one to add or remove new evaporators online, without the need for reconfiguring, while maintaining temporal and functional restrictions in the system. We show clearly how we can get a greater scalability, the self-configuration of the network and the least overhead with a non-beacon or unslotted mode of the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol, as well as wireless communications and distributed architectures, which could be extremely helpful in the development process of networked control systems in large spatially-distributed plants, which involve many sensors and actuators. For this purpose, a fuzzy scheme is used to control a set of parallel evaporator air-conditioning systems, with temperature and relative humidity control as a multi-input and multi-output closed loop system; in addition, a general architecture is presented, which implements multiple control loops closed over a communication network, integrating the analysis and validation method for multi-loop control networks designed for multi-evaporator systems.

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“…The development of highly miniaturized electronic integrated circuits has made possible the design of modern sensors that can perform very complex functions, such as measuring the physical parameters of an environment or the physiological parameters of people, and transmit this measurement data via a wireless link to the receiver. Wireless sensor networks have found applications in many fields, including agriculture [ 1 ], marine environment monitoring [ 2 ], ambient assisted living [ 3 ], industry [ 4 ], and healthcare [ 5 ]. Wireless sensor networks often operate without a dedicated licensed frequency band, utilizing open bands in the existing radio environment (e.g., 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, Medical—ISM) that do not require licenses [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Human Body Shadowing Effect on Wireless Sensor Networks Operating in the 2.4 GHz Band

Januszkiewicz

2018

Sensors

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Miniaturized wireless sensors are designed to run on limited power resources, requiring minimization of transmit power and lowering of the fade margin in the link budget. One factor that has an important impact on wireless sensor network design is path loss between the transmitter and the receiver. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of human bodies on path loss in the 2.4 GHz band, which is commonly used for wireless sensor networks. The effect of body shadowing was first analyzed in full wave computer simulations using the finite-difference time-domain method. Due to the high numerical burden, the simulations were limited to only a small region around the human body. To analyze the performance of networks in larger indoor environments, a human body model is proposed that can be used for simulations with a ray-based computer program. The proposed model of human body is the main contribution of this paper. It was used to analyze the body shadowing effect in a typical indoor environment. The results were found to be in good agreement with measurements.

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Wireless Sensor Networks for Ambient Assisted Living

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Reduction of Motion Artifacts and Improvement of R Peak Detecting Accuracy Using Adjacent Non-Intrusive ECG Sensors

Reduction of Motion Artifacts and Improvement of R Peak Detecting Accuracy Using Adjacent Non-Intrusive ECG Sensors

Smart Control of Multiple Evaporator Systems with Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks

Analysis of Human Body Shadowing Effect on Wireless Sensor Networks Operating in the 2.4 GHz Band

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