Wind flow and sedimentation in artificial vegetation: Field and wind tunnel experiments

Hesp, Patrick A.; Dong, Yuan; Cao, Hong; Booth, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.03.020

Cited by 71 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Also noticed was gradual deposition starting at the first row of the reed bundles and slowly evolving into bed forms as a result of the reduction of sand transport within the vegetated area. This was also observed by Hesp et al (2019) with artificial plants (h=22 cm) in a wind tunnel and at field sites. Bed form heights were largest for the highest cover value of 40-50%.…”

Section: Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Herein, a simpler approach is proposed for engineering practices by using a correction coefficient ( v ) based on percentage of cover and the vegetation height and acting on the shear velocity (see Equation 2.3). Various researchers have studied the effect of vegetation on wind-blown sand transport in wind tunnels (Buckley, 1987;Burri et al, 2011;Youssef et al, 2012;Hesp et al, 2019) and at field sites (Wasson and Nanninga, 1985;Lancaster and Baas 1998;Arens et al, 2001;Hupy 2003;Hesse and Simpson, 2006;Davidson-Arnott et al, 2012). Buckley (1987) studied the effect of sparse vegetation on wind-blown dune sand (0.15 mm) in a wind tunnel.…”

Section: Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A fully predictive model for aeolian sand transport

Rijn¹,

Strypsteen

2020

Coastal Engineering

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Section: Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fully predictive model for aeolian sand transport

Rijn¹,

Strypsteen

2020

Coastal Engineering

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“…The grasses experienced an increasing growth rate under grazing, allowing the environment to recuperate the foraged biomass. This compensation mechanism has already been recognized in previous studies (Hickman and Hartnett, 2002;Leriche et al, 2001;McNaughton, 1983) to highly limit the degradation of vegetation under a low to moderate stocking regime. Under an intensive stocking regime, the regrowth rate of vegetation does not equate to grazing degradation and results in a change in the vegetation spatial reorganization and a decrease in the grass proportion (Aubault et al, 2015;Hickman and Hartnett, 2002;Jeltsch et al, 1997a).…”

Section: Grazingsupporting

confidence: 58%

Impacts of grazing on vegetation dynamics in a sediment transport complex model

Gauvin-Bourdon¹,

King²,

Pérez³

2021

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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Abstract. Arid environments are characterized by the complex interaction between vegetation cover, surface soil properties, and the climate. The dynamic balance between these components makes arid environments highly susceptible to swift changes in vegetation cover and surface morphology in response to climate change. Furthermore, arid environments often support grazing activities, which influence other ecogeomorphic processes and alter the stability of vegetation cover in these environments. Despite growing knowledge and the parallel modeling advances to simulate the sediment transport, vegetation distribution, and grazing, in arid environments, relatively little progress has been accomplished on the interaction between all these components. Here we present an adaptation of an already established sediment transport–vegetation cellular automata model (Vegetation and Sediment TrAnsport or ViSTA) that represents landscape dynamics with an agent-based model (GrAM) representing the activity of grazers on the landscape. In this study, our resulting model, ViSTA_GrAM, is subjected to a series of 100-year-long tests that aim to highlight the capacity of the model to represent ecogeomorphic processes linked to vegetation composition, rainfall, wind speed, and grazing pressure. While these simulations do not allow us to evaluate the performance of the new model to reproduce realistic semi-arid environments, they present the capacity of the model to reproduce and explain major feedback complexities between grazers and the vegetation, in addition to providing insight on the vegetation and wind shear sensitivity of the original model. The simulations reinforce our current knowledge of the resilience of grass-based landscapes to foraging activities and highlight the need to identify growth response rates at the species level to fully understand the complexity of the interactions between individual components within arid environments. Overall, the ViSTA_GrAM model presents the foundation for a better assessment of semi-arid environment response to landscape management measures and a better understanding of the complex interactions shaping semi-arid landscapes.

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“…However, the effect of flexible vegetation and foliage on SS transport remains less researched. Previous studies showed that flexible elements controlled the flow velocity and turbulent intensities [15][16][17], and we, consequently, expect it to influence the distribution of suspended sediment and net deposition, as in [11,18]. Research addressing a mixture of transport modes, including bed-load, sheet flow, and suspended sediment transport are rare; e.g., [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay between Flow Field, Suspended Sediment Concentration, and Net Deposition in a Channel with Flexible Bank Vegetation

Box

Västilä

Järvelä

2019

Water

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This paper investigates the interplay between the flow, suspended sediment concentration (SSC), and net deposition at the lateral interface between a main channel and riverbank/floodplain vegetation consisting of emergent flexible woody plants with understory grasses. In a new set of flume experiments, data were collected concurrently on the flow field, SSC, and net deposition using acoustic Doppler velocimeters, optical turbidity sensors, and weight-based sampling. Vegetation largely affected the vertical SSC distributions, both within and near the vegetated areas. The seasonal variation of vegetation properties was important, as the foliage strongly increased lateral mixing of suspended sediments between the unvegetated and vegetated parts of the channel. Foliage increased the reach-scale net deposition and enhanced deposition in the understory grasses at the main channel–vegetation interface. To estimate the seasonal differences caused by foliation, we introduced a new drag ratio approach for describing the SSC difference between the vegetated and unvegetated channel parts. Findings in this study suggest that future research and engineering applications will benefit from a more realistic description of natural plant features, including the reconfiguration of plants and drag by the foliage, to complement and replace existing rigid cylinder approaches.

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Wind flow and sedimentation in artificial vegetation: Field and wind tunnel experiments

Cited by 71 publications

References 106 publications

A fully predictive model for aeolian sand transport

A fully predictive model for aeolian sand transport

Impacts of grazing on vegetation dynamics in a sediment transport complex model

The Interplay between Flow Field, Suspended Sediment Concentration, and Net Deposition in a Channel with Flexible Bank Vegetation

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