Will the climate of plant origins influence the chemical profiles of cuticular waxes on leaves of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> in a common garden experiment?

Li, Yang; Hou, Xiangyang; Li, Xiaoting; Xiao, Zhao; Wu, Zinian; Xiao, Yinlong; Guo, Yanjun

doi:10.1002/ece3.5930

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, no significant correlation between climate factors and the wax characteristics could be observed (data not shown). This was inconsistent with the results from L. chinensis where latitude, arid index, and the precipitation had been shown to be the most important climate parameters contributing to the variations of the total wax coverage and the amount of wax compositions (Li et al, 2020). In a common garden experiment of L. chinensis, rhizomes were collected from their field-growing environments and transplanted.…”

Section: Variations Of Cuticular Waxes Among Populations Were Induced By Their Original Environmentscontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…Similar CV was also observed for the amounts of alkanes, primary alcohols, and aldehydes. A study on 59 populations of L. chinensis in a common garden experiment has also shown that great intraspecific trait variations were observed for total wax coverage and wax compositions (Li et al, 2020). Andrae et al (2019) also reported that M. quinquenervia had evolved their specific wax characteristics to adapt to their surroundings.…”

Section: Variations Of Cuticular Waxes Among Populations Were Induced By Their Original Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recently, a study from a common garden experiment has shown that wax deposition patterns of 59 populations of Leymus chinensis formed during their adaptations to long-term growing environments could not inherit in their progenies and exhibit such inheritance even if these progenies were exported to new environments (Li et al, 2020). Similar results were also obtained from studies with Melaleuca quinquenervia across eastern Australia, where n-alkane characteristics could be driven by genetic differences between populations (Andrae et al, 2019) and from Eucalyptus globulus where the variation and differentiation in cuticular wax compounds had a complex genetic origin (Gosney et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environment-Driven Adaptations of Leaf Cuticular Waxes Are Inheritable for Medicago ruthenica

Guo

Xiao

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Cuticular waxes covering the plant surface play pivotal roles in helping plants adapt to changing environments. However, it is still not clear whether the responses of plant cuticular waxes to their growing environments are inheritable. We collected seeds of Medicago ruthenica (a perennial legume) populations from 30 growing sites in northern China and examined the variations of leaf cuticular waxes in a common garden experiment. Four wax genes, MrFAR3-1, MrFAR3-2, MrCER1, and MrKCS1, involved in biosynthesis of predominant wax classes (primary alcohol and alkane) and wax precursors, were isolated to test the contributions of genetic variations of the coding sequences (CDS) and the promoter sequences and epigenetic modifications. The plasticity responses of the cuticular waxes were further validated by two stress-modeling experiments (drought and enhancing ultraviolet B). Great variations in total wax coverage and abundance of wax classes or wax compounds were observed among M. ruthenica populations in a common garden experiment. Stress-modeling experiments further validated that M. ruthenica would alter leaf wax depositions under changed growing conditions. The transcriptional levels of the wax genes were positively or negatively correlated with amounts of cuticular waxes. However, the analysis of promoter methylation showed that the methylation level of the promoter region was not associated with their expressions. Although both promoter sequences and CDS showed a number of polymorphic sites, the promoters were not naturally selected and insignificant difference could be observed in the numbers and types of acting elements of the four wax genes among populations. In contrast, the CDS of the wax genes were naturally selected, with a number of missense mutations resulting in alterations of the amino acid as well as their isoelectric points and polarities, which could impact on enzyme function/activity. We conclude that long-term adaptation under certain environments would induce genetic mutation of wax biosynthesis genes, resulting in inheritable alterations of cuticular wax depositions.

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Section: Variations Of Cuticular Waxes Among Populations Were Induced By Their Original Environmentscontrasting

confidence: 67%

Section: Variations Of Cuticular Waxes Among Populations Were Induced By Their Original Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environment-Driven Adaptations of Leaf Cuticular Waxes Are Inheritable for Medicago ruthenica

Guo

Xiao

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…In addition to its major role in stress response and adaptation, the cuticle is thought to play essential functions in plant interactions with the environment 26 . Additionally, the content and composition of cuticular wax vary greatly not only in different species but also under different environmental conditions, such as UV-B radiation, temperature and water conditions 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome and physiological analyses provide insights into the leaf epicuticular wax accumulation mechanism in yellowhorn

Zhao¹,

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Hortic Res

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Plantations and production of yellowhorn, one of the most important woody oil and urban greening trees widely cultivated in northern China, have gradually become limited by drought stress. The epicuticular wax layer plays a key role in the protection of yellowhorn trees from drought and other stresses. However, there is no research on the mechanism of wax loading in yellowhorn trees. In this study, we investigated the anatomical and physiological characteristics of leaves from different germplasm resources and different parts of the same tree and compared their cuticle properties. In addition, the different expression patterns of genes involved in wax accumulation were analyzed, and a coexpression network was built based on transcriptome sequencing data. Morphological and physiological comparisons found that the sun leaves from the outer part of the crown had thicker epicuticular wax, which altered the permeability and improved the drought resistance of leaves, than did shade leaves. Based on transcriptome data, a total of 3008 and 1324 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the sun leaves and shade leaves in glossy- and non-glossy-type germplasm resources, respectively. We identified 138 DEGs involved in wax biosynthesis and transport, including structural genes (such as LACS8, ECH1, and ns-LTP) and transcription factors (such as MYB, WRKY, and bHLH transcription factor family proteins). The coexpression network showed a strong correlation between these DEGs. The differences in gene expression patterns between G- and NG-type germplasm resources under different light conditions were very clear. These results not only provide a theoretical basis for screening and developing drought-resistant yellowhorn germplasm resources but also provide a data platform to reveal the wax accumulation process of yellowhorn leaves.

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“…latitude, elevation, illumination and aridity ( Hoffmann et al 2013 , Mitić et al 2016 , Feakins et al 2016 , Lykholat et al 2018 , Teunissen van Manen et al 2019 ). Wax biosynthesis is well-known for its plasticity, but some studies suggest that it may also result from heritable factors linked with the geographic origin and the environmental conditions of forest trees ( Mitić et al 2016 , Li et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Approach Analysis Reveals Local Adaptation in a Widespread Forest Tree of Reunion Island

Garot

Dussert

Domergue

et al. 2020

Plant and Cell Physiology

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Detecting processes of local adaptation in forest trees and identifying environmental selective drivers are of primary importance for forest management and conservation. Transplant experiments, functional genomics and population genomics are complementary tools to efficiently characterize heritable phenotypic traits and to decipher the genetic bases of adaptive traits. Using an integrative approach combining phenotypic assessment in common garden, transcriptomics and landscape genomics, we investigated leaf adaptive traits in Coffea mauritiana, a forest tree endemic to Reunion Island. Eight populations of C. mauritiana originating from sites with contrasted environmental conditions were sampled in common garden to assess several leaf morphological traits, to analyze the leaf transcriptome and leaf cuticular wax composition. The relative alkane content of cuticular waxes was significantly correlated with major climatic gradients, paving the way for further transcriptome-based analyses. The expression pattern of cuticle biosynthetic genes was consistent with a modulation of alkane accumulation across the population studied, supporting the hypothesis that the composition of cuticular wax is involved in the local adaptation of C. mauritiana. Association tests in landscape genomics performed using RNA-seq-derived single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that genes associated with cell wall remodeling also likely play an adaptive role. By combining these different approaches, this study efficiently identified local adaptation processes in a non-model species. Our results provide the first evidence for local adaptation in trees endemic to Reunion Island and highlight the importance of cuticle composition for the adaptation of trees to the high evaporative demand in warm climates.

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Will the climate of plant origins influence the chemical profiles of cuticular waxes on leaves of Leymus chinensis in a common garden experiment?

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Environment-Driven Adaptations of Leaf Cuticular Waxes Are Inheritable for Medicago ruthenica

Environment-Driven Adaptations of Leaf Cuticular Waxes Are Inheritable for Medicago ruthenica

Transcriptome and physiological analyses provide insights into the leaf epicuticular wax accumulation mechanism in yellowhorn

Multi-Approach Analysis Reveals Local Adaptation in a Widespread Forest Tree of Reunion Island

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