Wideband and UWB Antennas for Wireless Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

A comprehensive review concerning the geometry, the manufacturing technologies, the materials, and the numerical techniques, adopted for the analysis and design of wideband and ultrawideband (UWB) antennas for wireless applications, is presented. Planar, printed, dielectric, and wearable antennas, achievable on laminate (rigid and flexible), and textile dielectric substrates are taken into account. The performances of small, low-profile, and dielectric resonator antennas are illustrated paying particular attention to the application areas concerning portable devices (mobile phones, tablets, glasses, laptops, wearable computers, etc.) and radio base stations. This information provides a guidance to the selection of the different antenna geometries in terms of bandwidth, gain, field polarization, time-domain response, dimensions, and materials useful for their realization and integration in modern communication systems.

A Low-Profile Reflector-Enhanced Drop-Shaped Printed Antenna for Wide-Band Wireless Communications

“…As it can be observed the reflector improves the maximum antenna gain in the frequency range where the main wireless applications, as well as the spectrum of the UWB pulse signals, fall [14]. In addition, it improves the antenna front-to-back ratio, this being beneficial for a larger electrical insulation with the RF circuitry.…”

“…Wide-band antennas, having low profile and reduced manufacturing costs, are finding widespread interest in the industrial and the scientific community [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. This interest is dictated by the numerous applications such as those concerning the wireless communications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], the automotive transportation [19][20][21], the remote screening of biological activities [22][23][24], as well as the analysis of the ground subsurface [25,26], and through-the-wall radar imaging.…”

“…This interest is dictated by the numerous applications such as those concerning the wireless communications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], the automotive transportation [19][20][21], the remote screening of biological activities [22][23][24], as well as the analysis of the ground subsurface [25,26], and through-the-wall radar imaging. Moreover, they may be used to realize UWB systems for short-range and indoor wireless communications characterized by low transmission-power consumption and high immunity to multipath interferences [27].…”

Design and Electromagnetic Properties of a Conformal Ultra Wideband Antenna Integrated in Three-Dimensional Woven Fabrics

“…The UWB antenna has several unique advantages, such as very large operating bandwidth, low power consumption, and high data transmission speed. That makes UWB antennas a desirable choice for body-worn applications, especially for emergency use [14,15].…”

UWB active antenna using dielectric resonator

“…UWB technology provides the handiness of wireless devices with higher data rates. The UWB technology is mainly suited for short distance communication such as wireless personal area networks (WPANs) . UWB technology provides the facility for wireless connection of various devices and facilitates the transmission high bandwidth data.…”