Why the Poor Get Fat: Weight Gain and Economic Insecurity

Smith, Trenton G.; Stoddard, Christiana; Barnes, Michael

doi:10.2139/ssrn.979189

Cited by 28 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In the present study, household income did not increase the likelihood of gaining weight, but current economic difficulties did. Among US men, job insecurity, instability and decrease in income have been associated with weight gain [23]. Among women, material resources such as being an owner-occupier were a protective factor against weight gain in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Multiple socioeconomic determinants of weight gain: the Helsinki Health Study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundSocioeconomic differences in weight gain have been found, but several socioeconomic determinants have not been simultaneously studied using a longitudinal design. The aim of this study was to examine multiple socioeconomic determinants of weight gain.MethodsMail surveys were conducted in 2000–2002 among 40 to 60-year old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland (n = 8 960, response rate 67%). A follow-up survey was conducted among the baseline respondents in 2007 with a mean follow-up of 5 to 7 years (n = 7 332, response rate 83%). The outcome measure was weight gain of 5 kg or more over the follow-up. Socioeconomic position was measured by parental education, childhood economic difficulties, own education, occupational class, household income, home ownership and current economic difficulties. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted adjusting simultaneously for all covariates in the final model.ResultsOf women 27% and of men 24% gained 5 kg or more in weight over the follow-up. Among women, after adjusting for age, baseline weight and all socioeconomic determinants, those with basic (OR 1.40 95% CI 1.11-1.76) or intermediate education (OR 1.43 95% CI 1.08-1.90), renters (OR 1.18 95% CI 1.03-1.36) and those with occasional (OR 1.19 95% CI 1.03-1.38) or frequent (OR 1.50 95% CI 1.26-1.79) economic difficulties had increased risk of weight gain. Among men, after full adjustment, having current frequent economic difficulties (OR 1.70 95% CI 1.15-2.49) remained associated with weight gain.ConclusionsCurrent economic difficulties among both women and men, and among women low education and renting, were associated with weight gain. Prevention of weight gain among ageing people would benefit from focusing in particular on those with economic difficulties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Multiple socioeconomic determinants of weight gain: the Helsinki Health Study

et al. 2013

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“…[19][20][21][22] Globalization has also increased inequalities among the populations of the more developed countries, 23 generating greater differences and greater insecurity, which finally affect the social welfare of the population and its health, since obesity and mental illness increase among the population. [24][25][26][27][28] In recent years, there has been a widespread new concept of how public policies should be developed as very special public services. The mere provision of such services is not enough; it must be done efficiently.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis and determination the efficiency of the European health systems

Moreno‐Enguix

Gómez‐Gallego

Gallego

2017

Health Planning & Management

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The current economic crisis has increased the interest in analyzing the efficiency of health care systems, as their funding is a very important part of the budgets for different countries. In this work determines the efficiency in the health services in European countries applying data envelopment analysis. In addition, the combined application of data envelopment analysis methods and ACP can provide an evaluation of the efficiency with respect to differently oriented productive health systems in the different countries. The results show that models with a lower level of efficiency are those whose input is beds, followed by the models whose input is physicians. Finally, we apply the AD to select a few simple indicators that facilitate control of the level of operational efficiency of a health system.

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“…Armour and other large Midwestern meat packers to absorb or drive out of business a host of other packers, so that by 1905 the four largest packers slaughtered nearly 50% of the country's beef cattle, enough to make price-fixing Alston et al (2008), for instance, argue persuasively that US agricultural subsidies, though large, result in only very small distortions of the retail market. Rashad and Markowitz (2007) and Smith et al (2009) provide estimates of the moral hazard effect of health insurance on health outcomes (obesity and weight gain, respectively); both find it to be negligible. agreements profitable (Chandler, 1962).…”

Section: Mass Production and Industry Consolidationmentioning

confidence: 99%