Why HIV Infections Have Increased Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and What to Do About It: Findings from California Focus Groups

Morin, Stephen F.; Vernon, Karen; Harcourt, John Jay; Steward, Wayne T.; Volk, Jonathan E.; Riess, Thomas H.; Neilands, Torsten B.; Mclaughlin, Marisa; Coates, Thomas J.

doi:10.1023/b:aibe.0000004727.23306.20

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This finding suggests that seronegative men in monogamous HIV-seroconcordant relationships were more likely to stop using condoms consistently within that relationship than men having multiple partners. These findings support the anecdotal evidence that serosorting (or assortive mating) is being widely practiced by HIV-seronegative gay men in the era of HAART (Morin et al, 2003;Odets, 1995;Shernoff, 2005) and as observed in observational cohorts of seronegative (Mao et al, 2006) and seropositive MSM (Parsons et al, 2005). The finding that HIV-seropositive men are not practicing serosorting as a form of HIV prevention to the same extent as HIV-seronegative men reflects either the failure of public health messages aimed at HIV-seropositive men or the greater impact of post-HAART attitude changes among them or both.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Prospective Study of Attitudinal and Relationship Predictors of Sexual Risk in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

et al. 2007

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We examined the influence of attitudes concerning HIV transmission, safe sex, and sexual sensation seeking, as well as negotiated risk reduction with primary partners, on the proportion of unprotected sexual partners (%UASP) among men who have sex with men (MSM). Participants were 263 HIV-seropositive and 238 HIV-seronegative MSM in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study between 1999 and 2003 who completed a 20-item attitude survey twice. Behavioral data were collected concurrently and 6-12 months after each survey. Among seropositives, decreased HIV concern and increased safer sex fatigue were associated with higher %UASP at 6 and 12 months. Among seronegatives, increased %UASP at 12 months was associated with safer sex fatigue. At 6 months and 12 months, risk reduction agreements were associated with increased %UASP among seronegatives in seroconcordant monogamous relationships, reflecting their abandonment of condoms in such partnerships. We conclude that HIV prevention efforts should target modifiable attitudes (reduced concern about HIV and safer sex fatigue) and increases in sexual risk-taking of MSM, particularly among HIV+ men having sex with serodiscordant partners.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Prospective Study of Attitudinal and Relationship Predictors of Sexual Risk in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

et al. 2007

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“…In this sample, 82.0% of barebackers reported using this technological medium to find sex partners. Morin et al (2003) have suggested that the Internet not only is instrumental in bringing bareback partners together online and offline, but also may increase the social pressure on a minority of MSM to conform to a social climate of bareback normalcy. The plentiful websites, listserves, chatrooms, and personal ads devoted to the topic attest to the fact that barebacking has become omnipresent online.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barebacking among MSM Internet Users

Berg

2007

AIDS Behav

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This theory-driven study explored the phenomenon barebacking among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) Internet users. Two hundred and forty men were recruited online and asked to complete a web-based survey. Forty percent of men in this geographically diverse sample reported engaging in bareback sex. Consistent with other research, findings demonstrate that compared with non-barebackers, men who engage in bareback sex are more likely to use alcohol in sexual contexts, use the Internet to meet sex partners, engage in any unsafe sex, and report higher degree of sexual sensation seeking. They are also more likely to report lower perception of safer sex social norms and lower self-efficacy for limiting HIV risk. Lack of concept discrimination between unprotected anal intercourse and barebacking suggests barebacking is a neologism that serves as a manifestation of the changing nature of sexual risk taking among some MSM. Opportunities for reducing the rate of HIV transmission among MSM are suggested.

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“…While this phenomena has been researched among men who have sex with men, MSM, and a little among African American females, little to no research has been focused on why this may be occurring among men who have sex with women. 37,39,[45][46][47][48] It would be useful to know if some of the same factors and perceptions that contribute to unprotected sex among MSM and African American females are contributing to men who have sex with females, such as perceptions of HIV risk, fatalism, optimistic bias, cultural worldviews and power. 37,[45][46][47][48] While comprehensive gender responsive HIV prevention programs for young women are needed, exploring the factors and perceptions of young men who have sex with women may help to inform how HIV prevention interventions should promote safe sex for both young men and women in relationships.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What HIV-Positive Young Women Want from Behavioral Interventions: A Qualitative Approach

Hosek

Lemos²,

Interventions³

2012

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Young women living with HIV in the United States face many social and psychological challenges, including involvement in health care and secondary prevention efforts. The factors that put these young women at risk for HIV acquisition initially, such as poverty, gender roles, cultural norms, and limited perceived control over sexual relationships, continue to place them at risk for both adverse mental and physical health outcomes that impact their daily lives and secondary prevention efforts. This study utilized focus groups with young HIV-positive women in order to better understand their perceived problems and pressures and to inform a developmentally appropriate secondary prevention intervention for young HIV-positive women that could be implemented in clinical care settings. Focus groups with young HIV-positive women were convened in three U.S. cities: Baltimore, Chicago, and Tampa. A total of 17 young, HIV-positive women, age range 17-24 (mean age = 21), participated in the focus groups. This article describes the psychological and social challenges these young women face as well as their suggestions regarding secondary HIV prevention intervention components.

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Why HIV Infections Have Increased Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and What to Do About It: Findings from California Focus Groups

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Prospective Study of Attitudinal and Relationship Predictors of Sexual Risk in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

Prospective Study of Attitudinal and Relationship Predictors of Sexual Risk in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

Barebacking among MSM Internet Users

What HIV-Positive Young Women Want from Behavioral Interventions: A Qualitative Approach

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