“…Great tits are sensitive to UV wavelengths (UVS vision in Ödeen, Håstad, & Alström, 2011). Their vision is similar to that of naturally occurring Ithomiini predators such as the houtouc motmot (Momotus momota, Pinheiro, Medri, & Salcedo, 2008), the fawn-breasted tanager (Pipraeidea melanonota, Brown & Neto, 1976), or the rufous-tailed tanager (Ramphocelus carbo, Brower, Brower, & Collins, 1963). However, unlike Neotropical insectivorous birds, great tits are naïve to ithomiine butterflies and have not learned to associate their colour patterns to toxicity.…”