Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. This paper presents a model of the implementation of IMF programs, which is empirically tested with data from the period 1975-99. The IMF and the borrowing country are shown to have asymmetric evaluations of a program's discounted benefits, due to differences in the measurement of the benefits, the relevant time frame and appropriate discount rate. The model also distinguishes between a government that seeks to maximize national welfare and an autocracy that seeks only to benefit the ruling group. The results of the empirical analysis demonstrate that program implementation is affected by a country's trade openness, the ideological cohesion of the government, the duration of the political regime, and the degree of political openness.
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JEL: F33, O19Key words: IMF programs, conditionality
PROMISES MADE, PROMISES BROKEN: A MODEL OF IMF PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATIONPromises and pie-crust are made to be broken.--Jonathan Swift, Polite Conversation
IntroductionThe lending programs of the International Monetary Fund have drawn a great deal of notice and criticism in recent years. 1 The disbursement of funds to the governments that enroll in these programs is linked through a procedure known as "conditionality" to their implementation of policies specified in advance. The scope and nature of these policies have expanded in recent years, and analysts such as Goldstein (2003) have examined the consequences of this extension.The IMF released a series of reports (2001a, 2001b, 2001c) reviewing the expansion of conditionality in the last decade, and agreed that there is a need to streamline the process.A related focus of attention has been the implementation of Fund programs. Incomplete compliance can limit the improvement in a country's economic performance, adversely affect its reputation in the international capital markets, and leave it with a need for further assistance and more programs.
IMF Program Conditionality
IMF ProgramsThe purposes of the IMF appear in the IMF's Articles of Agreement, and include international monetary cooperation, the growth of international trade, exchange stability and the establishment of a multilateral system of payments as goals. More recently, Guitián (1992) declared that the "… fundamental purpose of the institution would be to foster, and monitor the observance of, a code of conduct in international exchange and financial affairs on the part of member countries." 5 Fischer (2000) stated that the ...