Who is the helper? Who is being helped? The benefits of psychosocial support to correctional officers in Turkey

Bademci, H. Özden; Karadayı, E. Figen; Karabulut, Ipek Guzide Pur; Warfa, Nasir

doi:10.1080/14753634.2016.1234946

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…SD values obtained from authors. Arble et al, 2017 [ 56 ] (Moderate-High) 22 Police officers (USA) Prospective cohort study Psychoeducational resilience promotion and coping skill building 5 × 90 min group sessions Pre-training, 12 months COPE subscales; Sources of Support Scale; PCL; HADS; AUDIT Following their first year in the field, officers appeared to report improved use of positive reframing and humor, and significant reductions in anxiety Arnetz et al, 2009 [ 57 ] (Low) 18 Police officers (Sweden) RCT Psycho-educational and physiological resilience promotion and coping skill building vs. TAU 2 h × 10 weeks 12 months Serum antithrombin and cortisol; mean change in HR; self-reported stress; POMS vigor-activity subscale and negative mood composite Following their first year in the field, trained officers appeared to report less negative mood, smaller changes in mean HR and self-reported stress, and greater changes in antithrombin following a simulated critical incident Arnetz et al, 2013 [ 58 ] (Moderate-High) 75 Police officers (Sweden) RCT Psycho-educational and physiological resilience promotion vs. TAU 90 min × 10 weeks + homework 3× per week Pre-training, 18 months GHQ, serum cortisol; prolactin; DHEA Statistically significant post-training improvement in GHQ only Bademci et al, 2016 [ 59 ] (Moderate-Low) 42 Correctional officers (Turkey) Prospective cohort study Psychosocial support program 75-min sessions, 3 times a week × 11 weeks (41.25 hs total) Pre-training, post-training PANAS; MBI EE, DP, PA subscales; BDI; BAI Significant post-training improvements on all measures Berger et al, 2016 [ 60 ] (Moderate-High) 63 Educational staff affected by the 2011 Christchurch earthquake (New Zealand) RCT Multimodal psychoeducational resilience promotion (EZ) vs. Critical incident management (METI) 3 × 8 h sessions for both treatments Pre-training, post-training, 8 months PCL; ProQoL CF, burnout, CS subscales; CDRS Resilience higher pre-training in EZ, significantly improved post-training for both groups. Greater improvements in PCL and ProQoL subscales for EZ compared with METI …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proactive psychological programs designed to mitigate posttraumatic stress injuries among at-risk workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Public safety personnel and frontline healthcare professionals are at increased risk of exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTE) and developing posttraumatic stress injuries (PTSI, e.g., depression, anxiety) by the nature of their work. PTSI are also linked to increased absenteeism, suicidality, and performance decrements, which compromise occupational and public health and safety in trauma-exposed workers. Evidence is lacking regarding the effectiveness of “prevention” programs designed to mitigate PTSI proactively. The purpose of this review is to measure the effectiveness of proactive PTSI mitigation programs among occupational groups exposed to PPTE on measures of PTSI symptoms, absenteeism, and psychological wellness. Methods Five electronic databases were searched per PRISMA guidelines for English or French peer-reviewed studies from 2008 to 2019 evaluating PTSI and psychological wellness in adults exposed to occupational PPTE. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results We identified 42 studies evaluating 3182 public safety and frontline healthcare professionals, PPTE-exposed educational staff, and miners. Significant overlap was found across program themes that included mindfulness, psychoeducation, resilience promotion, and stress management strategies. Post-program effect sizes were small (SMD < 0.5) to moderate (SMD < 0.8) for reductions in PTSI symptoms and for promoting measures of well-being as indicated by a meta-analysis on 36 studies. There was no evidence for significant reductions in substance use, absenteeism, or biomarkers of distress except for heart rate. Subgroup analyses indicated that multimodal programs effectively improved general psychological health, while resilience programs improved measures of depression, burnout, coping, and resilience. Effect sizes for resilience, depression, and general psychological health improvements were greatest immediately or 1-month post-training, while improvements in PTSD symptoms and coping were larger at longer follow-up. Studies were of moderate quality and risk of bias. Conclusions The current results showcase modest evidence for time-limited reductions in PTSI following participation in holistic programs that promote resilience, stress, and emotion regulation among at-risk workers. Implications for organizational implementation of proactive PTSI mitigation programs and areas of future research are discussed. Systematic review registration PROSPERO (CRD42019133534)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proactive psychological programs designed to mitigate posttraumatic stress injuries among at-risk workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Guilt indicated the highest bridge strength, which was first noticed in the network of depressed mood and co-morbid anxiety states. Guilt is a central feature of depression, which is usually expressed as self-condemned, worthless, powerless, inferiority, hopeless, and helpless emotions ( 49 , 50 ). Guilt can also contribute to the course of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge connection between depression and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles in Chinese residents from a network perspective

Wang

Gao³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundLifestyle habits are vital components of the culture of mental health treatment settings. We examined the bridge connection between depressive and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles from a network perspective using a population-based study.MethodsFace-to-face interviews were conducted with a provincially representative sample of 13,768 inhabitants from the Guangdong Sleep and Psychosomatic Health Survey based on standardized evaluation techniques. We identified the central symptoms by expected influence. The interconnection between depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as the bridge connectivity linking depression–anxiety symptoms and lifestyle factors, were assessed using the bridge centrality index. Network stability and sensibility analyses were performed using a case-dropping bootstrap procedure.ResultsThe core symptom that exhibited the highest expected influence was fatigue or little energy, followed by uncontrollable worry, trouble relaxing, and sad mood in the depression-anxiety symptoms network, while guilt was the most interconnected symptom and had the highest bridge strength. Surrounding nodes of each node explained an average variance of 57.63%. Additionally, suicidal thoughts were recognized as collective bridging symptoms connecting lifestyle variables in the network integrating depression-anxiety symptoms with lifestyle factors. Current tobacco and alcohol consumption were positively associated with suicidal thoughts and irritability. Habitual diet rhythm and physical exercise frequency were linked to suicidal thoughts, guilt, and poor appetite or overeating. Suicidal thoughts, irritability, and guilt indicated the greatest connectivity with lifestyle factors. All networks had high stability and accuracy.ConclusionThese highlighted core and bridge symptoms could serve as latent targets for the prevention and intervention of comorbid depression and anxiety. It might be crucial for clinical practitioners to design effective and targeted treatment and prevention strategies aiming at specific lifestyles and behaviors.

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“…Due to this belief, guilt is often accompanied by regret, remorse, or worries over a transgression leading to depressive states [ 45 ]. Guilt may manifest as self-blame, worthlessness, powerlessness, inferiority [ 46 ], hopelessness and helplessness [ 47 ], which could lead to development of depressive symptoms [ 46 ]. Energy is another central symptom in this study, which is consistent with the findings of a previous drug trial of duloxetine, with energy improvement as a major outcome measure [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network analysis of depressive symptoms in Hong Kong residents during the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2021

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In network theory depression is conceptualized as a complex network of individual symptoms that influence each other, and central symptoms in the network have the greatest impact on other symptoms. Clinical features of depression are largely determined by sociocultural context. No previous study examined the network structure of depressive symptoms in Hong Kong residents. The aim of this study was to characterize the depressive symptom network structure in a community adult sample in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 11,072 participants were recruited between 24 March and 20 April 2020. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The network structure of depressive symptoms was characterized, and indices of “strength”, “betweenness”, and “closeness” were used to identify symptoms central to the network. Network stability was examined using a case-dropping bootstrap procedure. Guilt, Sad Mood, and Energy symptoms had the highest centrality values. In contrast, Concentration, Suicide, and Sleep had lower centrality values. There were no significant differences in network global strength (p = 0.259), distribution of edge weights (p = 0.73) and individual edge weights (all p values > 0.05 after Holm–Bonferroni corrections) between males and females. Guilt, Sad Mood, and Energy symptoms were central in the depressive symptom network. These central symptoms may be targets for focused treatments and future psychological and neurobiological research to gain novel insight into depression.

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Who is the helper? Who is being helped? The benefits of psychosocial support to correctional officers in Turkey

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Proactive psychological programs designed to mitigate posttraumatic stress injuries among at-risk workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Proactive psychological programs designed to mitigate posttraumatic stress injuries among at-risk workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bridge connection between depression and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles in Chinese residents from a network perspective

Network analysis of depressive symptoms in Hong Kong residents during the COVID-19 pandemic

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