Whiteflies

Perring, Thomas M.; Stansly, Philip A.; Liu, T.X.; Smith, Hugh A.; Andreason, Sharon A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802441-6.00004-8

Cited by 73 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 304 publications

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“…All four species are agricultural pests. B. tabaci and M. persicae are highly invasive pests of a wide range of crop plants, and they are capable of transmitting more than 150 and 100 plant viruses, respectively [26,27]. A. pisum is a global pest of legume crops and is reported to transmit more than 30 viruses [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Target Effects of dsRNA Molecules in Hemipteran Insects

Arora

Chung

Douglas

2021

Genes

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Insect pest control by RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene expression knockdown can be undermined by many factors, including small sequence differences between double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and the target gene. It can also be compromised by effects that are independent of the dsRNA sequence on non-target organisms (known as sequence-non-specific effects). This study investigated the species-specificity of RNAi in plant sap-feeding hemipteran pests. We first demonstrated sequence-non-specific suppression of aphid feeding by dsRNA at dietary concentrations ≥0.5 µg µL−1. Then we quantified the expression of NUC (nuclease) genes in insects administered homologous dsRNA (with perfect sequence identity to the target species) or heterologous dsRNA (generated against a related gene of non-identical sequence in a different insect species). For the aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae, significantly reduced NUC expression was obtained with the homologous but not heterologous dsRNA at 0.2 µg µL−1, despite high dsNUC sequence identity. Follow-up experiments demonstrated significantly reduced expression of NUC genes in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci and mealybug Planococcus maritimus administered homologous dsNUCs, but not heterologous aphid dsNUCs. Our demonstration of inefficient expression knockdown by heterologous dsRNA in these insects suggests that maximal dsRNA sequence identity is required for RNAi targeting of related pest species, and that heterologous dsRNAs at appropriate concentrations may not be a major risk to non-target sap-feeding hemipterans.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tabaci and M . persicae are highly invasive pests of a wide range of crop plants, and they are capable of transmitting more than 150 and 100 plant viruses, respectively [ 26 , 27 ]. A .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Target Effects of dsRNA Molecules in Hemipteran Insects

Arora

Chung

Douglas

2021

Genes

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“…Despite this, Chr. rufilabris is known mainly as aphidophagous (Legaspi et al , 1994; Albuquerque, 2009; Dhandapani et al , 2016), and it is commercialized as a biological control agent of aphids in North America and Europe (Tauber et al , 2000; Pappas et al , 2011; van Lenteren, 2012; Leppla et al , 2018; Perring et al , 2018). Although Chr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet breadth of the aphid predatorChrysoperla rufilabrisBurmeister (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Batista

Heimpel

Bulgarella

et al. 2022

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The performance (development and reproduction) of generalist predators can vary greatly among the prey species that they use, and these differences can influence the ability of predatory insects to suppress pest populations. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of larvae of the green lacewing Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister, 1839) by offering 16 species of aphids and by assessing the effects of each species on the survival, larval development time, prey consumption, pupal mass and egg load of adult Chr. rufilabris females taking aphid phylogeny into account. Chrysoperla rufilabris larvae preyed on individuals from all 16 aphid species, but complete development, adult emergence and egg load production were achieved only in seven species. As a general pattern, the best levels of performance were achieved for an aphid clade that includes the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Matsumara, 1917), and for a milkweed-feeding species, Myzocallis asclepiadis (Monell, 1879). We found significant phylogenetic clustering for most of the performance traits indicating the aspects of specialization in the diet breadth of Chr. rufilabris despite the fact that this species is considered a generalist aphid predator. These findings can help us to understand the interactions of this species in agroecological food webs, where it is commonly found, and provide insights into why natural, conservation biological control or augmentative releases may succeed or fail.

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“…Besides sucking nutrients from the phloem, which results in accumulation of toxic molecules leading to plant breakdown, B. tabaci transmits several plant viruses, such as begomoviruses (Geminiviridae), criniviruses (Closteroviridae), and torradoviruses (Secoviridae) (Jones 2003;Oliveira et al 2001;Navas-Castillo et al 2011) and these then cause yield losses, even with a low insect population. In addition, white y excretes honeydew on the leaf surface, which promotes its colonization by Ascomycete fungi, generally called "sooty mold", which reduce photosynthesis e ciency (Byrne and Bellows Junior 1991; Perring et al 2018). White ies are particularly di cult to manage, due to their diversity, adaptability, rapid reproduction lifecycle, extensive host range, and the ability to quickly select populations resistant to insecticides, and also to transmit several viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA interference-mediated tolerance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in genetically engineered tomato

Pizetta

Ribeiro

Ferreira

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a polyphagous insect that causes huge damage in several horticultural crops, including tomato, by sucking nutrients from the phloem and transmitting viruses. Whiteflies are particularly difficult to manage and the use of chemicals remains the common practice, which causes the development of insecticidal resistance. Thus, there is considerable interest in the introduction of whitefly resistance by classical and molecular breeding. Here, we explored the concept of using an RNA interference construct to silence a v-ATPase gene in whiteflies interacting with transgenic tomato plants that express siRNA molecules corresponding to a fragment from the B. tabaci vATPase. PCR analyses revealed the presence of both ΔATPase and nptII transgenes in all transgenic lines. siRNA expressing lines were challenged against whitefly and revealed a mortality rate of 57.1% in transgenic line 4.4.1, while in the control the mortality was 7.6%. Mortality of 2nd instar nymphs was higher on the transgenic plants and the development of 3rd instar nymphs was slightly longer than on the control plants. Although the attraction of insects was not significantly different between treatments, the number of eggs laid by the insects on the transgenic plants was significantly lower, compared to the controls. RT-qPCR revealed a decreased expression level of endogenous v-ATPase gene in whiteflies feeding on transgenic plants. No unexpected effect was observed on the non-target insects Myzus persicae or Tuta absoluta. Results presented here may form the foundation for the generation of elite tomato varieties resistant to whitefly, a devastating insect pest.

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Whiteflies

Cited by 73 publications

References 304 publications

Non-Target Effects of dsRNA Molecules in Hemipteran Insects

Non-Target Effects of dsRNA Molecules in Hemipteran Insects

Diet breadth of the aphid predatorChrysoperla rufilabrisBurmeister (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

RNA interference-mediated tolerance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in genetically engineered tomato

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