Whipcord Hebes ‐ systematics, distribution, ecology and evolution

Wagstaff, Steven J.; Wardle, P.

doi:10.1080/0028825x.1999.9512609

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Recent molecular evidence from plant taxa indicates that both explanations can apply, as in some cases dispersal of progenitors to New Zealand was recent and resulted in rapid radiation of alpine taxa (Wagstaff and Garnock-Jones, 1998;Breitwiesser et al, 1999;Wagstaff and Wardle, 1999). Studies on alpine fauna (Trewick, 2001) generally point to in situ maintenance of at least some of the lineage diversity established prior to Pleistocene glaciation.…”

Section: The Context: New Zealand As Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The character of the New Zealand land snail fauna and communities: some evolutionary and ecological perspectives

Barker¹

2005

Rec West Aust Mus Sup

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-Alan Solem highlighted the high alpha diversity of land snails that occur in forests of mid-western North Island New Zealand, This paper examines patterns of diversity in land snails across the entire New Zealand archipelago, with a review of the biogeography and composition of taxon groups and with analyses of faunal composition and ecological diversity at national, island and bioregion scales based primarily on collation of museum records, Community composition and structure are also analysed using two extensive series of plot-based assessments, The fauna is primarily Gondwanan in origin, with apparently little influence from establishment of new taxa by chance dispersal since the late Paleocene. It has undergone extensive in situ cladogenesis and speciation that, combined with island biogeographic processes of dispersal and extinction, have resulted in marked intraarchipelago differences in the character of regional species pools. Species richness of communities (0 74 for 400 m 2 plots) was shown to vary substantially within and between bioregions, in part related to patterns of niche availability driven by temporal and spatial heterogeneity in environmental conditions and floristic diverSity, It is concluded that in general the New Zealand land snail communities are not in a state of equilibrium, and that the highly dynamic nature of the environment prevents this, Only where regional conditions have favoured persistence of a diversity of forest habitat over several million years is high mean species richness evident at the plot scale, The New Zealand fauna exhibits a strong predominance of minute species with low shell height:diameter ratios. The essentially unimodal dispersion in the shell morphospace contrasts markedly with the bimodal pattern exhibited in many other faunas, If shell shapes define the repertoire of available niches then there is something different about New Zealand in respect to the niches occupied by land snails. However, the shell morphology in the New Zealand representatives of snail families conforms rather closely to that expected within the respective families worldwide, suggesting the morphospace pattern seen in the New Zealand fauna is largely a product of phylogenetic constraint, and has little to do with ecology. The high levels of cladogenesis evident in the New Zealand fauna suggest innovations in ecological niches that are not evident in examination of the shell height:diameter morphospace,

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Section: The Context: New Zealand As Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The character of the New Zealand land snail fauna and communities: some evolutionary and ecological perspectives

Barker¹

2005

Rec West Aust Mus Sup

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“…However, the present-day flora is largely a product of (i) progressive extinctions of warm-temperate families and genera from south to north from the late Tertiary and early Pleistocene (Mildenhall 1980;Lee et al 2001), (ii) of radiation, since the late Miocene, of a few non-forest angiosperm families and genera in novel habitats provided by mountain building (e.g., Wagstaff & Wardle 1999;Lee et al 2001), and (iii) of long-distance immigration (Pole 1994). In the last 2.5 million years, the vegetation physiognomy of the eastern South Island has alternated between forest, shrubland, and grassland states in response to glacial cooling cycles.…”

Section: Study Area Description and Vegetation Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

The woody vegetation of Central Otago, New Zealand

Walker¹,

Lee

Rogers³

2004

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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The present native and exotic woody vegetation of the rainshadow region of Central Otago, in eastern South Island, New Zealand, is described. Fourteen present-day associations of woody species are related to a gradient in elevation and climate, and to the degree of disturbance by fire and mammalian grazing since human settlement. A few closed-canopy forest remnants remain only in the montane zone, while more modified forest relicts are scattered across a wider range of environments. Remaining woody plant associations have originated as secondary successions following fire, and range from exotic-species-invaded lowland associations on semi-arid basin floors to prostrate, native-species-dominated associations on mountain tops. Indigenous short-tussock grasslands and seral shrublands are being invaded by exotic trees and shrubs, especially in lowland environments. Dwarf and prostrate low shrub associations on the range tops may have replaced tussock grasslands since the commencement of pastoralism, where taller tussockshrubland communities were destroyed by fires soon after human settlement. The region's vegetation is not at equilibrium, and taller, woody communities tend to develop following removal of fire and B03034;

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“…Wagstaff & Wardle (1999) also partly supported this view, stating that "On morphological criteria, Hebe tetragona would be regarded as the northernmost subspecies of H. hectorii". Despite this, Wagstaff & Wardle (1999) …”

Section: Variation In Hebe Odoramentioning

confidence: 89%

“…For "Buxifoliatae" we use the classification of Moore (in Allan 1961), but including the more recently described H. mooreae (Heads) Garn.-Jones and treating H. masoniae (L.B.Moore) Garn.-Jones as distinct from H. pauciramosa. For "Flagriformes" we use the classification of Wagstaff & Wardle (1999) except that: H. hectorii subsp. laingii is used only for Stewart Island samples; no distinction is made between H. hectorii subsp.…”

Section: Identification and Classification Of Samples: Species And Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and taxonomic distribution of leaf flavonoids inHebeandLeonohebe(Plantaginaceae) in New Zealand — 1. “Buxifoliatae”, “Flagriformes”, andLeonohebe

Markham¹,

Mitchell²,

Bayly

et al. 2005

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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A taxonomic revision of Hebe and Leonohebe in New Zealand has involved studies of both plant morphology and flavonoid chemistry. This paper is the first in a series that summarises the composition and taxonomic distribution of leaf flavonoids in the two genera. It describes the flavonoid glycosides encountered in a survey of c. 700 samples (from throughout the two genera), and outlines the distribution of flavonoids in species of "Buxifoliatae" and "Flagriformes" (informal infrageneric groups of Hebe) and in Leonohebe. The structures of 83 of the most commonly occurring flavonoids are identified (or tentatively identified); also recorded are 32 unidentified or partly identified flavonoids that are generally less common. Twenty-eight of the flavonoid glycosides have not previously been reported in other plant genera. Most species, in each of "Buxifoliatae", "Flagriformes", and Leonohebe, can be distinguished by their flavonoid profiles, generally through possession of unique combinations of compounds.

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Whipcord Hebes ‐ systematics, distribution, ecology and evolution

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

The character of the New Zealand land snail fauna and communities: some evolutionary and ecological perspectives

The character of the New Zealand land snail fauna and communities: some evolutionary and ecological perspectives

The woody vegetation of Central Otago, New Zealand

Composition and taxonomic distribution of leaf flavonoids inHebeandLeonohebe(Plantaginaceae) in New Zealand — 1. “Buxifoliatae”, “Flagriformes”, andLeonohebe

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