When telecommunications networks meet energy grids: cellular networks with energy harvesting and trading capabilities

Zordan, Davide; Miozzo, Marco; Dini, Paolo; Rossi, Michele

doi:10.1109/mcom.2015.7120026

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Nevertheless, current trends in battery and solar module costs are promising and suggest that in the future this equipment will be cheap enough. Further discussion and results on these aspects can be found in [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Softwarization of Mobile Network Functions towards Agile and Energy Efficient 5G Architectures: A Survey

Dlamini

Rossi

Munaretto³

2017

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Future mobile networks (MNs) are required to be flexible with minimal infrastructure complexity, unlike current ones that rely on proprietary network elements to offer their services. Moreover, they are expected to make use of renewable energy to decrease their carbon footprint and of virtualization technologies for improved adaptability and flexibility, thus resulting in green and self-organized systems. In this article, we discuss the application of software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) technologies towards softwarization of the mobile network functions, taking into account different architectural proposals. In addition, we elaborate on whether mobile edge computing (MEC), a new architectural concept that uses NFV techniques, can enhance communication in 5G cellular networks, reducing latency due to its proximity deployment. Besides discussing existing techniques, expounding their pros and cons and comparing state-of-the-art architectural proposals, we examine the role of machine learning and data mining tools, analyzing their use within fully SDN-and NFV-enabled mobile systems. Finally, we outline the challenges and the open issues related to evolved packet core (EPC) and MEC architectures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Softwarization of Mobile Network Functions towards Agile and Energy Efficient 5G Architectures: A Survey

Dlamini

Rossi

Munaretto³

2017

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…Some literatures also noted that energy harvesting base stations can also be part of smart grid architecture as both consumers and producers of energy ( [61], [62]). These ideas will open a new paradigm of integrating cellular and smart grid systems with dynamic and price aware strategies .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, [61] [62] study the potential of EHBSs as players in smart grid architectures opening a new frontier of revenues for mobile network operators. In addition there are some works that attempt to study the possible interaction with EH and softwarization technologies including the study of EH with SDN [64], EH with CRAN [63], and EH with FRAN [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Softwarization and Optimization for Sustainable Future Mobile Networks: A Survey

2017

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Abstract--Due to the tremendous growth in mobile data traffic, cellular networks are witnessing architectural evolutions. Future cellular networks are expected to be extremely dense and complex systems, supporting a high variety of end-devices (e.g., smartphone, sensors, machines) with very diverse QoS requirements. S uch amount of network and end-user devices will consume a high percentage of electricity from the power grid to operate, thus increasing the carbon footprint and the operational expenditures of mobile operators. Therefore, environmental and economical sustainability have been included in the roadmap towards a proper design of the next-generation cellular system. This paper focuses on softwarization paradigm, energy harvesting technologies and optimization tools as enablers of future cellular networks for achieving diverse system requirements, including energy saving. The paper surveys the state-of-the-art literatures embedding softwarization paradigm in densely deployed Radio Access Network (RAN). In addition, the need for energy harvesting technologies in densified RAN is provided with the review of the state-of-the-art proposals on the interaction between softwarization and e nergy harvesting technology. Moreover, the role of optimization tools, such as machine learning, in future RAN with densification paradigm is stated. We have classified available literature that balances these three pillars namely, softwarization, energy harvesting and optimization with densification, being a common RAN deployment trend. Open issues that require further research efforts are also included.

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“…In this regard, the viability of energy harvesting with ESS and solar panels at BS [3], and different types of power solutions for off-grid BS [4] are under study. This work was triggered by the fact that conventional BSs using the grid as major power source indeed cannot cope with emergent power failure caused by power system malfunctions or natural disasters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Scheduling of Energy Storage System for Self-Sustainable Base Station Operation Considering Battery Wear-Out Cost

Choi

Hongseok

2016

Energies

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A self-sustainable base station (BS) where renewable resources and energy storage system (ESS) are interoperably utilized as power sources is a promising approach to save energy and operational cost in communication networks. However, high battery price and low utilization of ESS intended for uninterruptible power supply (UPS) necessitates active utilization of ESS. This paper proposes a multi-functional framework of ESS using dynamic programming (DP) for realizing a sustainable BS. We develop an optimal charging and discharging scheduling algorithm considering a detailed battery wear-out model to minimize operational cost as well as to prolong battery lifetime. Our approach significantly reduces total cost compared to the conventional method that does not consider battery wear-out. Extensive experiments for several scenarios exhibit that total cost is reduced by up to 70.6% while battery wear-out is also reduced by 53.6%. The virtue of the proposed framework is its wide applicability beyond sustainable BS and thus can be also used for other types of load in principle.

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When telecommunications networks meet energy grids: cellular networks with energy harvesting and trading capabilities

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Softwarization of Mobile Network Functions towards Agile and Energy Efficient 5G Architectures: A Survey

Softwarization of Mobile Network Functions towards Agile and Energy Efficient 5G Architectures: A Survey

Softwarization and Optimization for Sustainable Future Mobile Networks: A Survey

Optimal Scheduling of Energy Storage System for Self-Sustainable Base Station Operation Considering Battery Wear-Out Cost

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