“…As the authors point out, "These phenomena mark the beginning of a transition to genuine infrastructure: robust, reliable, widely accessible systems and services that are beginning to look in form and centrality like the digital equivalents of the canonical infrastructures of telephony, electricity and the rail network". As such, digital infrastructures are heterogeneous socio-technical ensembles of IT artefacts, standards, patterns of action and capabilities in their social contexts that are layered, historically-determined, comprised of and for diverse communities and enacted in practice (Hanseth et al, 1996;Hanseth and Monteiro, 1997;Tilson et al, 2010;Hanseth and Braa, 2001;Iannacci, 2010;Hanseth and Lyytinen, 2010). Any new infrastructure needs to be integrated with an installed base (Hanseth et al, 1996) that includes not only artefacts, but also human habits, norms and roles that may be the most difficult elements to manage (Edwards et al, 2009).…”