What the paediatrician needs to know about HIV‐1 infection

Abstract

Nowadays, it is spreading the false perception that pediatric HIV infection has been almost completely disappeared in Italy, as well as in other Western countries, and it does not deserve the attention of the primary care pediatrician anymore. Hereby, we report the important role still played by the primary care pediatrician in management and prevention of pediatric HIV infection in Western countries.

Pregnancy and viral infections: Mechanisms of fetal damage, diagnosis and prevention of neonatal adverse outcomes from cytomegalovirus to SARS-CoV-2 and Zika virus

“…Usually HIV-exposed infants receive since birth a zidovudine (ZDV) PEP, that should be started as earlier as possible, better within 12 h of delivery, even if mothers correctly took antiretrovirals. Neonatal PEP with ZDV when infants are born to women with undetectable viral load could be shortened to 4 weeks (instead of 6) [ 152 ]. If risk of MTCT is higher, combination antiretrovirals regimens with two or more drugs are increasingly preferred without further side effects compared with ZDV-monotherapy prophylaxis [ 153 ].…”