What’s around the corner in the niche of psychopharmacotherapy of major depressive disorder?

Moodliar, Seshni; Naguy, Ahmed

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2019.09.033

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…7 Mood and anxiety disorders as well are etiologically tied to stress, with alterations of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function orchestrating the endocrine response to stress. 8 AVP is a neuropeptide that is mainly expressed and/or released in the hypothalamus and the pituitary, but also in other brain areas, particularly in limbic regions. It strongly contributes to the endocrine and neural response to stress.…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychoendocrinology: arginine vasopressin and resilience in patients with major depressive disorder

et al. 2021

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Background There is a burgeoning body of evidence suggesting that arginine vasopressin (AVP) acts as a neuromodulator of the stress response. AVP stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, synergistic to corticotropin-releasing hormone, which might explain AVP’s role in resilience. Personal hardiness is the bedrock of resilience. Numerous studies have demonstrated elevated plasma levels of AVP in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), suggesting an etiopathogenetic role as well as a novel therapeutic target. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between AVP and resilience in patients with MDD and to determine AVP levels in serum of patients with MDD. Methods Forty patients with MDD and 40 healthy control subjects were studied using the Dispositional Resilience (Hardiness) Scale by Barton, the Quality of Life Scale, the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Biochemical analysis of plasma levels of AVP, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was performed for all participants. Results Levels of AVP were statistically significantly elevated in patients with MDD compared with healthy controls. Psychological hardiness was decreased in patients with MDD compared with healthy controls, a finding also statistically significant. There was a negative correlation between plasma AVP level and psychological hardiness. Conclusion AVP and psychological hardiness are negatively correlated, reflecting lower stress resilience. AVP levels are indeed higher in patients struggling with MDD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychoendocrinology: arginine vasopressin and resilience in patients with major depressive disorder

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, when fecal microbiota of depressed patients was transplanted into mice, depressive and anxiety-related phenotypes were also transferred into mice. These mice also displayed an elevated kynurenine/tryptophan ratio indicating that depressed microbiota is facilitating conversion of tryptophan into the deleterious kynurenine (Moodliar and Naguy, 2019).…”

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Depression

et al. 2021

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Burgeoning body of evidence from neuroscience is pouring in highlighting a potential association between gut microbiota with the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety. Manipulation of gut microbiota may be then useful to decode this role and to provide novel therapeutics for major depressive disorder (MDD), developing microbiota-related biomarkers to stratify patients at risk and to delineate more homogeneous biotypes of MDD.

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“…It has been demonstrated to attenuate both glutamergic and dopaminergic dysregulation, modulate neurotropic and inflammatory pathways, ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibit oxidative stress, and protect against apoptosis-all lie at the core of etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia. 3,4 This portfolio might translate clinically into neuro-protective and pro-cognitive actions. 5 NAC has an excellent safety profile; an oral dose as high as 10Â 2800 mg was evaluated for safety in a clinical study with no major adverse effect reported.…”

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confidence: 99%