What Pediatricians and Other Clinicians Should Know About Zika Virus

Kline, Mark W.; Schutze, Gordon E.

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0429

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The major disadvantage in the use of these chemicals is the problem of resistance development and also these compounds are toxic to higher mammals thereby questioning its use for the control of vectors (CDC 2012). Preparations like N,Ndiethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) and picaridin insect repellent can be used as they are safe for pregnant women (Kline & Schutze 2016). Herbal therapy has not only been revolutionizing as an antimicrobial regimen but also has been implemented recently in the control of vectors.…”

Section: Prevention and Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus – emergence, evolution, pathology, diagnosis, and control: current global scenario and future perspectives – a comprehensive review

Singh

Dhama

Malik

et al. 2016

Veterinary Quarterly

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This review converses the Zika virus which has attained global concern due to its rapid pandemic potential and impact on humans. Though Zika virus was first isolated in 1947, till the recent large-scale outbreak which occurred in Micronesia, in 2007, the virus was placed into the innocuous pathogen category. The World Health Organization on 1 February 2016 declared it as a 'Public Health Emergency of International Concern.' Of the note, American as well as Pacific Island strains/isolates is relatively closer to Asian lineage strains. The African and American strains share more than 87.5% and 95% homologies with Asian strains/isolates, respectively. Asian strains form independent clusters, except those isolated from China, suggesting relatively more diversity than African strains. Prevention and control are mainly aimed at the vector population (mosquitoes) with Aedes aegypti being the main species. Surveys in Africa and Asia indicated seropositivity in various animal species. However, so far its natural reservoir is unknown. There is an urgent need to understand why Zika virus has shifted from being a virus that caused mild illness to unforeseen birth defects as well as autoimmune-neurological problems. Unfortunately, an effective vaccine is not available yet. Availability of cryo-electron microscopy based on 3.8 A resolution revealing mature Zika virus structure and the probable virus attachment site to host cell would provide critical insights into the development of antiviral treatments and vaccines.

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Section: Prevention and Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus – emergence, evolution, pathology, diagnosis, and control: current global scenario and future perspectives – a comprehensive review

Singh

Dhama

Malik

et al. 2016

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…These laboratory tests include RT-PCR for symptomatic patients or those with exposure to the virus within the past 2 weeks and serological assessment for people, exposed to the infection within the past 2 to 12 weeks. However, false-positive test results could be detected in patients infected with other flaviviruses; in fact, a negative test result does not ultimately reject ZIKV infection (70).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika Virus, Congenital Infection, and Neurologic Manifestations in Children: A Narrative Review

Karimi

Razavi

2017

J Pediatr Rev

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Context: Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus of the family Flaviviridae. This virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes, usually affects children and causes self-limited diseases, associated with fever, maculopapular rash, conjunctivitis, arthralgia, and myalgia. There is a significant relationship between ZIKV infection and central nervous system disorders in infants. In this study, we aimed to review neurologic manifestations of ZIKV infection in infants. Evidence Acquisition: We searched the following Mesh terms in scientific databases: "Zika virus", "infants", "children", "neurologic manifestations", and "congenital infection". Electronic databases including Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Scientific Information Database, and Scopus were searched from 2000 to 2016. Results:The literature review showed a probable relationship between ZIKV infection and prevalence of microcephaly in newborns. Besides microcephaly, other central nervous system abnormalities included abnormal gyral arrangement, decreased brain parenchymal volume, cortical atrophy and malformation, cerebellar hypoplasia, and delayed myelination of the brain stem. Conclusions: Vertical transmission of ZIKV in pregnant women is associated with intrauterine infection and brain malformations in the developing fetus, including microcephaly, calcification, cortical displacement, ventriculomegaly, and white-matter abnormalities.

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“…In fact, of all the flaviviruses, ZIKV causes the least serious types of symptoms. The most common symptoms are fever, arthralgia, maculopapular rash ( Figure 3), and conjunctivitis lasting up to seven days (Araujo et al, 2016;Calvet, dos Santos, & Sequeira, 2016;Karwowski et al, 2016;Kline & Schutze, 2016;O'Malley, 2016;Ong, 2016). Less frequent symptoms include headache, vertigo, myalgia, vomiting, and diarrhea (Ong, 2016).…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most effective ways of preventing ZIKV infection is through avoiding mosquito bites, especially when traveling to, or residing in, areas where transmission is present (CDC, 2016c). Precautions should include wearing appropriate attire with the objective of having as little skin exposed as possible to reduce vulnerability to mosquito bites (e.g., lightcolored long-sleeved shirts tucked into pants, pants vs. shorts placed into socks, shoes, and permethrintreated clothing and gear), use of screens for windows and doors, and use of insect repellent (CDC, 2016c; Kline & Schutze, 2016).…”

Section: Prevention Of Zikv Infection In Infants and Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What is known about ZIKV changes continually. It is important for pediatric healthcare professionals to remain attentive to emerging developments to educate patients, parents, and caretakers about preventive measures if living or traveling to areas experiencing ZIKV transmission (CDC, 2016c; Kline & Schutze, 2016;Ong, 2016). CDC provides an abundance of resources related to ZIKV for pediatric healthcare professionals.…”

Section: Implications For Pediatric Healthcare Professionalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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