What makes you click

Abstract

Most studies take for granted the critical first steps that prelude interaction with a public display: awareness of the interactive affordances of the display, and enticement to interact. In this paper we investigate mechanisms for enticing interaction on public displays, and study the effectiveness of visual signals in overcoming the 'first click' problem. We combined 3 atomic visual elements (color/greyscale, animation/static, and icon/text) to form 8 visual signals that were deployed on 8 interactive public displays on a university campus for 8 days. Our findings show that text is more effective in enticing interaction than icons, color more than greyscale, and static signals are more effective than animated. Further, we identify gender differences in the effectiveness of these signals. Finally, we identify a behavior termed "display avoidance" that people exhibit with interactive public displays.

Virtual Field Studies

“…The same space is also equipped with tables, chairs, and snack and drink machines, and is often used by students to study and socialize. As such, the location is a good representation of spaces commonly used in public display research [26,38,47,48,50,52,73,79,80]. In the real-world condition, participants were equipped with the Tobii Pro Glasses 2 wearable eye tracker to record their gaze data during the experiment.…”

Move Your Body: Engaging Museum Visitors with Human-Data Interaction

“…An alternative approach is to add prompts that invite people to interact. For example, Kukka et al [32] compared the impact of static and dynamic icons and textual prompts (e.g., "touch me") in making people interact with the display, and found that text is more effective. The literature on the topic is, however, conflicting: other studies suggest that such "call-to-action" techniques are not that effective overall in communicating the interactivity of displays [42].…”

Increasing Passersby Engagement with Public Large Interactive Displays

“…Display blindness can apply equally to both interactive (i.e., PLIDs) and non-interactive (e.g., paper) displays, and has been observed extensively by HCI researchers in practice (e.g. [22,28]).…”

“…Interaction blindness occurs when a display is seen by someone, but is is not recognized as interactive [25,42]. Overcoming both display and interaction blindness is also referred to as the 'first click problem' [27,28,34].…”