What do individuals with morbid obesity report as a usual dietary intake? A narrative review of available evidence

Harbury, Cathy M.; Verbruggen, Elisabeth E.; Callister, Robin; Collins, Clare E.

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2016.02.001

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…The estimated micronutrient intakes, as well as the prevalence of reaching the recommended values, are in line with previously published studies and point to the fact that obesity is associated not only with well-known associated diseases, but also with important and numerous micronutrient deficiencies, and in different settings (whether under supervised dietary interventions or not) [4,22,23,24,25]. However, this is the first study, to the best of our knowledge, that assessed micronutrient intakes in people with obesity who were under medical supervision and that, at best, may have received recommendations mainly focused on the macronutrient content of food, but with no implemented follow-up plans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of Nutritional Intakes in Individuals with Obesity under Medical Supervision. A Cross-Sectional Study

Serban

Sima

Hogea

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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People with obesity in Romania are often under medical supervision, which is aimed to decrease body weight and treat accompanying metabolic disorders and cardiovascular implications. However, there is limited information regarding the implementation of dietary recommendations in adults with obesity. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of reaching the recommended intakes of macro- and micro-nutrients in adults with obesity under medical supervision. Individuals with obesity, recruited in the context of a study with a larger scope (NutriGen ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02837367), who were under medical supervision underwent four 24 h recalls in order to assess daily food intakes. Macro- and micro-nutrient intakes were computed, and the prevalence of reaching recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for each nutrient was calculated. The majority of subjects did not meet the recommended intakes for most nutrients. Energy from fat exceeded the threshold of 35% recommended intake, even in the lowest quartile of energy intake. The micronutrients with less than 5% of individuals reaching the RDAs were vitamin D, vitamin E, fluoride, and omega-3 fatty acids for both males and females, and choline, magnesium, and potassium in females. The burden of inadequate nutrition in individuals with obesity should be acknowledged and properly addressed within efforts to reduce obesity rates and associated disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of Nutritional Intakes in Individuals with Obesity under Medical Supervision. A Cross-Sectional Study

Serban

Sima

Hogea

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…These studies were mostly from Europe and North America [ 44 ]. For example, in morbid obese (BMI > 40 kg/m 2 ) energy intake can reach more than 4000 kcal/day, with high fat intakes of about 40 to 57% of total energy intake [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All individuals received 1 g fat per kg body weight orally. The fat load was based on subjects’ body weight to adjust the OFTT to hypercaloric (especially high-fat) eating behavior of obese patients [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of fibroblast growth factor 19 and bile acid synthesis after a body weight-adjusted oral fat tolerance test in overweight and obese NAFLD patients: a non-randomized controlled pilot trial

2018

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BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common both in obese and overweight patients. Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), an intestinal hormone, could play a role in the complex pathogenesis of NAFLD. The aim of our study was to investigate responses of FGF19 and bile acid (BA) synthesis after a body weight-adjusted oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) in overweight and obese NAFLD patients.MethodsFor this study, we recruited 26 NAFLD patients; 14 overweight (median BMI 28.3 kg/m2), 12 obese (35.3 kg/m2) and 16 healthy controls (24.2 kg/m2). All individuals received 1 g fat (Calogen®) per kg body weight orally. Serum concentrations of FGF19 were determined by ELISA. Concentrations of BAs and BA synthesis marker 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively; all at 0 (baseline), 2, 4 and 6 h during the OFTT.ResultsBMI correlated negatively with fasting FGF19 concentrations (rho = − 0.439, p = 0.004). FGF19 levels of obese NAFLD patients were significantly (p = 0.01) lower in the fasting state (median 116.0 vs. 178.5 pg/ml), whereas overweight NAFLD patients had significantly (p = 0.004) lower FGF19 concentrations 2 h after the fat load (median 163.0 vs. 244.5 pg/ml), and lowest values at all postprandial time points as compared to controls. Baseline BA concentrations correlated positively with FGF19 values (rho = 0.306, p = 0.048). In all groups, we observed BA increases during the OFTT with a peak at 2 h but no change in C4 levels in overweight/obese NAFLD patients.ConclusionsReduced basal gastrointestinal FGF19 secretion and decreased postprandial response to oral fat together with blunted effect on BA synthesis indicate alterations in intestinal or hepatic FXR signaling in overweight and obese NAFLD subjects. The precise mechanism of FGF19 signaling after oral fat load needs further evaluation.Trial registrationWe have registered the trial retrospectively on 30 Jan 2018 at the German clinical trials register (http://www.drks.de/), and the following number has been assigned DRKS00013942.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12876-018-0805-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Studies of adults have suggested that candidates for bariatric surgery report consuming at least 2,400 kcal/d and as much as 4,000 kcal/d. (16, 45) According to NHANES data from 2005–2006, children and adolescents between the ages of 14–18 years have a mean caloric intake of 2,427 calories per day. (46) Adolescents in the present study, with a mean BMI of 43 kg/m 2 , reported eating approximately 1,000 kcal/d fewer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Dietary Intake and Eating Behavior in Adolescents After Bariatric Surgery: an Ancillary Study to the Teen-LABS Consortium

et al. 2017

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Background A growing number of studies suggest that bariatric surgery is safe and effective for adolescents with severe obesity. However, surprisingly little is known about changes in dietary intake and eating behavior of adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery. Objective Investigate changes in dietary intake and eating behavior of adolescents with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery (n = 119) or lifestyle modification (LM) (n = 169). Setting University-based health systems. Methods A prospective investigation of 288 participants (219 female and 69 male) prior to bariatric surgery or LM and again 6, 12, and 24 months (surgery patients only) after treatment. Measures included changes in weight, macronutrient intake, eating behavior, and relevant demographic and physiological variables. Results Adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery experienced significantly greater weight loss than those who received LM. The two groups differed in self-reported intake of a number of macronutrients at 6 and 12 months from baseline, but not total caloric intake. Patients treated with surgery, compared to those treated with LM, also reported significantly greater reductions in a number of disordered eating symptoms. After bariatric surgery, greater weight loss from postoperative month 6 to 12 was associated with self-reported weight consciousness, craving for sweets, and consumption of zinc. Conclusions Adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery, compared to those who received LM, reported significantly greater reductions in weight after one year. They also reported greater reductions in disordered eating symptoms. These findings provide new information on changes in dietary intake and eating behavior among adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery.

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What do individuals with morbid obesity report as a usual dietary intake? A narrative review of available evidence

Abstract: This review draws attention to a limited evidence base, offers preliminary insight suggesting individuals with morbid obesity are prone to consuming poor quality diets similar to those reported for obese populations, and highlights challenges for future research.

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Assessment of Nutritional Intakes in Individuals with Obesity under Medical Supervision. A Cross-Sectional Study

Assessment of Nutritional Intakes in Individuals with Obesity under Medical Supervision. A Cross-Sectional Study

Response of fibroblast growth factor 19 and bile acid synthesis after a body weight-adjusted oral fat tolerance test in overweight and obese NAFLD patients: a non-randomized controlled pilot trial

Changes in Dietary Intake and Eating Behavior in Adolescents After Bariatric Surgery: an Ancillary Study to the Teen-LABS Consortium

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