“…9 A detailed analysis of Higher Psychological Functions (HPFs) in Vygotsky's concept is carried out by Toomela (2016). According to him, HPFs are: "(1) psychological systems, (2) developing from natural processes, (3) mediated by symbols, (4) forms of psychological cooperation, which are (5) internalized in the course of development, (6) products of historical development, (7) conscious and (8) voluntary (9) active forms of adaptation to the environment, (10) dynamically changing in development, and (11) ontogeny of HPFs recapitulates cultural history" (Toomela, 2016, p. 91).…”