WEST Physics Basis

Bourdelle, C.; Artaud, J.F.; Basiuk, V.; Bécoulet, M.; Brémond, S.; Bucalossi, J.; Bufferand, Hugo; Ciraolo, Guido; Colas, L.; Corre, Y.; Courtois, X.; Decker, J.; Delpech, L.; Devynck, P.; Dif‐Pradalier, G.; Doerner, R.; Douai, D.; Dümont, R.; Ekedahl, A.; Fedorczak, N.; Fenzi, C.; Firdaouss, M.; García, J.; Ghendrih, Philippe; Gil, C.; Giruzzi, G.; Goniche, M.; Grisolia, Christian; Grosman, A.; Guilhem, D.; Guirlet, R.; Gunn, J.; Hennequin, Pascale; Hillairet, J.; Hoang, T.; Imbeaux, F.; Ivanova‐Stanik, I.; Joffrin, E.; Kallenbach, A.; Linke, J.; Loarer, T.; Lotte, P.; Maget, P.; Marandet, Y.; Mayoral, M.‐L.; Meyer, Olivier; Missirlian, M.; Mollard, P.; Monier‐Garbet, P.; Moreau, Philippe; Nardon, E.; Pégouriè, B.; Peysson, Y.; Sabot, R.; Saint‐Laurent, F.; Schneider, M.; Travère, J.-M.; Tsitrone, E.; Vartanian, S.; Vermare, Laure; Yoshida, M.; Zagórski, R.; Contributors, Jet

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/55/6/063017

Cited by 96 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The LH launchers generate waves in the Gigahertz range, typically from 2.5 to 8 GHz in present experiments, the frequency increasing with the magnitude of the toroidal field of the device. In devices with strongly constrained access to the plasma, either high field devices such as Alcator C‐Mod or medium‐sized devices with superconducting coils as WEST Tungsten (W) Environment in Steady‐state Tokamak, heating and current drive must rely on waves as the conventional neutral beam heating is made difficult. In that framework, the so‐called LH system has several assets, especially to sustain plasma current in long pulse operation.…”

Section: Hotspots During Lower‐hybrid Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron burst driven by near electric field effects of lower‐hybrid launchers

Valade

Ghendrih

Sarazin

et al. 2018

Contributions to Plasma Physics

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Hotspot generation by lower‐hybrid (LH) launchers is found to be governed by a resonance in the plasma electric field response to the external drive. The kinetic analysis in 1D‐1V in the parallel direction allows one to compute the amplification effect for small amplitude of the external drive. The resonant Lorentzian response distorts the distribution function. An island structure is formed in the suprathermal part at the phase velocity of the external electrostatic drive. The non‐linear features enhance the plasma response, driving overlap effects between multiple waves at rather low amplitude. The onset of a plateau in the distribution function, with extent reaching one thermal velocity, is already obtained when the standard overlap condition is achieved. The sensitivity of the resonance to plasma parameters and large variation of the amplification magnitude can compensate the fast radial decay of the small‐scale features generated by the LH launchers, which are responsible for the interaction with the cold electrons. This mechanism can trigger hotspot generation further in the scrape‐off layer than otherwise expected.

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Section: Hotspots During Lower‐hybrid Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron burst driven by near electric field effects of lower‐hybrid launchers

Valade

Ghendrih

Sarazin

et al. 2018

Contributions to Plasma Physics

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“…In this section, we apply the minimum Fisher method on SXR emissivity profiles extrapolated from the standard WEST physics basis [9] H-mode scenario with P = 12 MW of Radio Frequency heating power and I p = 0.6 MA of plasma current. Electron density n e and temperature T e profiles are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Application To the Standard West Scenario 41 A Scenario Fromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, a set of emissivity phantoms is used to assess quality of the reconstruction, including computational time and the influence of experimental noise. Then, SXR tomographic reconstructions in a WEST scenario [9] are presented. Finally, conclusions and perspectives are given for WEST operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomographic capabilities of the new GEM based SXR diagnostic of WEST

et al. 2016

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The tokamak WEST (Tungsten Environment in Steady-State Tokamak) will start operating by the end of 2016 as a test bed for the ITER divertor components in long pulse operation. In this context, radiative cooling of heavy impurities like tungsten (W) in the Soft Xray (SXR) range [0.1 keV; 20 keV] is a critical issue for the plasma core performances. Thus reliable tools are required to monitor the local impurity density and avoid W accumulation. The WEST SXR diagnostic will be equipped with two new GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) based poloidal cameras allowing to perform 2D tomographic reconstructions in tunable energy bands. In this paper tomographic capabilities of the Minimum Fisher Information (MFI) algorithm developed for Tore Supra and upgraded for WEST are investigated, in particular through a set of emissivity phantoms and the standard WEST scenario including reconstruction errors, influence of noise as well as computational time.

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“…round edge shape region) in steady state. Components have also to sustain transient thermal loads (~400kJ/m²) [6] as the one occurring during WEST Edge Localised Modes (ELMs).…”

Section: Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The WEST project: validation program for WEST tungsten coated plasma facing components

et al. 2016

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The W-for tungsten-Environment in Steady-state Tokamak (WEST) project is based on an upgrade of the Tore Supra tokamak from a carbon limiter to an X-point divertor device. A new set of actively cooled tungsten coated plasma facing components (PFC) will cover a part of the vessel to provide a fully metallic environment. This paper deals with the validation program performed for tungsten coatings (≥ 15 µm) on a CuCrZr substrate. The first step was dedicated to the qualification under high heat flux tests of the coating on small inertially cooled samples. To study the thermal behaviour and the non-uniformity, the second step was dedicated to the validation of the coating on large inertially cooled samples with geometry and shape (540 x 120 mm) representative of the WEST coated components. The last step was dedicated to the optimization of the coating and to the HHF tests up to 10.5 MW/m² on relevant coated actively cooled prototypes. Non-uniformity and thickness of the coating (15 µm and 30 µm) correspond to specifications. As no delamination was observed, coatings of 15 and 30 µm were qualified with regard to their application on WEST coated components. In order to decrease the risk of coating delamination under thermal loading, it was decided to cover the upper divertor and baffle targets with the thinnest coating option of 15 µm.

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WEST Physics Basis

Cited by 96 publications

References 90 publications

Electron burst driven by near electric field effects of lower‐hybrid launchers

Electron burst driven by near electric field effects of lower‐hybrid launchers

Tomographic capabilities of the new GEM based SXR diagnostic of WEST

The WEST project: validation program for WEST tungsten coated plasma facing components

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