Weight gain in response to high-fat feeding in CD-1 male mice

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare weight gain and food intake during high-fat feeding in outbred CD-1 male mice while considering several different experimental designs. This study was completed using data from three separate experiments and was designed to address different experimental design issues. Experiment 1 compared mice housed in groups or singly. Experiment 2 compared adolescent and young adult mice. Experiment 3 examined mice that had been previously exercise-trained prior to diet-induced weight gain. Data from each experiment were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance and linear regression. While housing and age did not significantly affect weight gain, mice that were previously exercise-trained consumed significantly more kilocalories than sedentary mice while maintaining comparable body weights. We generated a linear prediction model using data from Experiments 1 and 2 that will allow investigators to calculate the weeks of high-fat feeding needed to reach a target body weight. Our key findings characterize the issues related to and affecting experimental design when utilizing an outbred mouse diet-induced weight gain model and will serve as a guide for future researchers.

Considerations to maximize fat mass gain in a mouse model of diet-induced weight gain

“…We have previously demonstrated that mice that are group-housed (groups of five) and restricted from structured physical activity have greater weight gain than normal growth rates. 10,11 Consistent with reports from other laboratories, we have also demonstrated that extremely high-fat diets (60% of calories from fat) result in excessive weight gain above normal growth. 10 Neither our laboratory nor others have specifically compartmentalized weight gain into lean and fat masses.…”

“…10,11 Consistent with reports from other laboratories, we have also demonstrated that extremely high-fat diets (60% of calories from fat) result in excessive weight gain above normal growth. 10 Neither our laboratory nor others have specifically compartmentalized weight gain into lean and fat masses. The accounting of fat mass is important because this change, rather than body weight, underlies disease onset and progression.…”

“…We have previously demonstrated that mice housed in groups gain more weight than mice housed individually, so the present experiments were completed with mice housed in groups of five. 10 Aspen bedding was used for all experiments to minimize animal consumption of bedding. Animals were provided environmental enrichment in the form of a multidimensional mouse house (Tecniplast) and paper bedding material.…”

Defining a longitudinal survival model to examine forced treadmill running as a countermeasure for diet-induced weight gain

“…16 In order to complete the aims of the study, mice were randomly divided into one of three groups (n ¼ 12 per group): diet-induced weight gain, sedentary (DS), diet-induced weight gain, forced treadmill running (DE) and served as a control group. The fat source in both diets was soybean oil and lard (cholesterol content ¼ 0.95 mg/ g).…”

Role of hepatic stellate cells in fibrogenesis in a model of pomegranate-treated fatty liver induced by junk food in male albino rats immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study

“…Obesity is one of the causes that lead to liver injury [8]. Nowadays, one of the main causes of obesity was developed from high intake of processed food or junk food, which contains high amounts of calories [9]. This kind of diet is predominant in the western world and is very popular among children in developing countries [10].…”