Wear particle dynamics drive the difference between repeated and non-repeated reciprocated sliding

Hsia, Feng-Chun; Elam, Fiona M.; Bonn, Daniel; Weber, Bart; Franklin, Steven O.

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2019.105983

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The polymer contact area is up to 70% of the nominal value at the yield, independent of the roughness. Wear debris entrapment in annular contacts [317], particle dynamics in reciprocated sliding [318], and particle emission from Cu-free brake materials [319] are investigated respectively. These experiments showed that wear decreased with the ring width for aluminum samples while no clear correlation between ring width and total mass loss or steady-state wear rate for steel samples, non-repeated sliding gave rise to a reduced debris formation instead a steady increase in friction, and Cu-free brake pads generated more airborne particles than Cu-contained brake pad.…”

Section: Materials Transfer and Wear Debris Dynamics In Wear Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of advances in tribology in 2020–2021

Meng

et al. 2022

Friction

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Around 1,000 peer-reviewed papers were selected from 3,450 articles published during 2020–2021, and reviewed as the representative advances in tribology research worldwide. The survey highlights the development in lubrication, wear and surface engineering, biotribology, high temperature tribology, and computational tribology, providing a show window of the achievements of recent fundamental and application researches in the field of tribology.

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Section: Materials Transfer and Wear Debris Dynamics In Wear Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of advances in tribology in 2020–2021

Meng

et al. 2022

Friction

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“…Also, the field application matters: for skis, sleds, tires and other systems of interest, the ice or snow experiences brief, one-pass contact by the slider. The substrate's initial response should be of particular interest, and the friction mechanics could be quite different from those governing after repeated passes (Hsia et al, 2020).…”

Section: Evidence Of Ice-and Snow-friction Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Mechanisms Thought to Govern Ice and Snow Friction and Their Interplay With Substrate Brittle Behavior

et al. 2021

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Sliding friction on ice and snow is characteristically low at temperatures common on Earth’s surface. This slipperiness underlies efficient sleds, winter sports, and the need for specialized tires. Friction can also play a micro-mechanical role affecting ice compressive and crushing strengths. Researchers have proposed several mechanisms thought to govern ice and snow friction, but directly validating the underlying mechanics has been difficult. This may be changing, as instruments capable of micro-scale measurements and imaging are now being brought to bear on friction studies. Nevertheless, given the broad regimes of practical interest (interaction length, temperature, speed, pressure, slider properties, etc.), it may be unrealistic to expect that a single mechanism accounts for why ice and snow are slippery. Because bulk ice, and the ice grains that constitute snow, are solids near their melting point at terrestrial temperatures, most research has focused on whether a lubricating water film forms at the interface with a slider. However, ice is extremely brittle, and dry-contact abrasion and wear at the front of sliders could prevent or delay a transition to lubricated contact. Also, water is a poor lubricant, and lubricating films thick enough to separate surface asperities may not form for many systems of interest. This article aims to assess our knowledge of the mechanics underlying ice and snow friction. We begin with a brief summary of the mechanical behavior of ice and snow substrates, behavior which perhaps has not received sufficient attention in friction studies. We then assess the strengths and weaknesses of five ice- and snow-friction hypotheses: pressure-melting, self-lubrication, quasi-liquid layers, abrasion, and ice-rich slurries. We discuss their assumptions and review evidence to determine whether they are consistent with the postulated mechanics. Lastly, we identify key issues that warrant additional research to resolve the specific mechanics and the transitions between them that control ice and snow friction across regimes of practical interest.

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“…Muscara and Sinnott 16 took advantage of the X-Y table motion of a machine tool to perform abrasive wear testing of 6.3 mm diameter pins in parallel neighboring raster passes each of 0.45 m length across a counter-body surface, and Berns and Fischer 17 proposed such a scanning motion approach for studying the abrasive wear of hard facing alloys using similarly large diameter (6 mm) specimens and enabling a single-pass raster sliding track of 50 m length. Beyond other such examples of mesoscale rastered wear track testing of that era, 18,19 automated multi-directional drives are becoming more commonly implemented in commercially available wear test stands and micro-tribometers, and increasing use of such non-repeated or indexed reciprocated raster scanning 20,21 they enable may be anticipated. In the extreme case, such raster scanning is the motion of atomic force microscopes (AFMs), which in addition to imaging is being used not only for friction but also for nano-scale wear testing with a model single-asperity contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling temperature rise in multi-track reciprocating frictional sliding

Blanchet

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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As in various manufacturing processes, in sliding tests with scanning motions to extend the sliding distance over fresh countersurface, temperature rise during any pass is bolstered by heating during prior passes over neighboring tracks, providing a “heat accumulation effect” with persisting temperature rises contributing to an overall temperature rise of the current pass. Conduction modeling is developed for surface temperature rise as a function of numerous inputs: power and size of heat source; speed and stroke length, and track increment of scanning motion; and countersurface thermal properties. Analysis focused on mid-stroke location for passes of a square uniform heat flux sufficiently far into the rectangular patch being scanned from the first pass at its edge that steady heat accumulation effect response is adopted, focusing on maximum temperature rise experienced across the pass' track. The model is non-dimensionalized to broaden the applicability of the output of its runs. Focusing on practical “high” scanning speeds, represented non-dimensionally by Peclet number (in excess of 40), applicability is further broadened by multiplying non-dimensional maximum temperature rise by the square root of Peclet number as model output. Additionally, investigating model runs at various non-dimensional speed (Peclet number) and reciprocation period values, it appears these do not act as independent inputs, but instead with their product (non-dimensional stroke length) as a single independent input. Modified maximum temperature rise output appears to be a function of only two inputs, increasing with decreasing non-dimensional values of stroke length and scanning increment, with outputs of models runs summarized compactly in a simple chart.

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Wear particle dynamics drive the difference between repeated and non-repeated reciprocated sliding

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

A review of advances in tribology in 2020–2021

A review of advances in tribology in 2020–2021

Assessing the Mechanisms Thought to Govern Ice and Snow Friction and Their Interplay With Substrate Brittle Behavior

Modeling temperature rise in multi-track reciprocating frictional sliding

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