Wear behavior of a multiphase ductile iron produced by quenching and partitioning process

Dong, Kewen; Lu, Congying; Zhou, Wentao; Northwood, Derek O.; Liu, Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105290

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The microstructural examination of ductile iron in Figure 2(a) reveals black spheroidal graphite nodules in DI attributing to its self-lubricating properties. The light region surrounding these nodules is ferrite and the dark region is pearlite [23]. The austenitization of ductile iron transforms the matrix to the austenite phase which later on austempering, eventually transforms into ausferrite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry sliding wear of ductile and austempered ductile iron: effect of load and sliding speed

Shriya

Singh

Batra

et al. 2023

Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces

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In this study, dry sliding wear behaviour of a copper alloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI) consisting of very fine ausferrite, small high carbon austenite blocks, was investigated against 100Cr6 ball using ball-on-disc tribometer. Tribotests were conducted at different loads of 10, 30, 50, and 100 N and speeds between 0.39 to 0.79 m/s. Worn-out surfaces and wear debris revealed tribe-oxidation and abrasive wear as the primary mechanism for material removal at lower loads and low speed (0.39 m/s). With an increase in load and speed, fragmented graphite nodules acted as solid lubricants. Additionally, partial transfer of tribo-oxide onto the counter-body ball, and plastic deformation and strain hardening of ADI matrix lowered the friction coefficient and wear rate at higher loads and speed, to nearly 1/ 3 and 1/10 as compared with those at lower loads and speed. The superior wear resistance of present ADI is worthy of consideration for transmission parts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The light region surrounding these nodules is ferrite and the dark region is pearlite [23]. The austenitization of ductile iron transforms the matrix to the austenite phase which later on austempering, eventually transforms into ausferrite.…”

Section: Microstructure and Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry sliding wear of ductile and austempered ductile iron: effect of load and sliding speed

Shriya

Singh

Batra

et al. 2023

Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces

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show abstract

“…In these cast irons, the formation of spherical graphites leads to the reduction of stress concentration and, as a result, the improvement of mechanical behavior. Of course, it should be noted that the morphology of graphites (geometrical shape, size, distribution, and degree of sphericity of graphites) has a great influence on the mechanical behavior of cast iron, which is influenced by the type and amount of alloying elements, cooling speed, and solidification process, as well as heat treatment [5][6][7]. Studies show that the physical and mechanical properties of ductile irons depend on their microstructure, especially the type, distribution, and dispersion of spherical graphites [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties prediction of ductile iron with spherical graphite using multi-scale finite element model

Alizadeh,

Ajri,

Maleki

2023

Phys. Scr.

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In this paper, using the multi-scale finite element method, the effect of graphite particles on the mechanical behavior of ductile iron has been investigated under tensile loading. For this purpose, taking into account the spherical geometric shape of the graphite phase and considering a specific volume fraction, these spheres are randomly placed in the whole body and a two-component composite material is created. Next, by defining the mechanical properties of two separate phases including the matrix and graphites as well as the interfaces between these two phases, a micromechanical model is developed for these materials. The mechanical properties of the matrix are simulated using the Ramberg-Osgood elastic-plastic model. By simulation in ABAQUS software and using nonlinear dynamic analysis, the effects of volume percentages and adhesion of graphite particles with matrix on the direct tensile load-displacement behavior of ductile iron were investigated. The results of experimental tests were used to verify the results of the numerical model. The weight percentage of graphite particles has a significant effect on the tensile strength and elastic modulus of these cast irons. The results show that with the increase in the amount of graphite particles, the tensile strength of cast iron increases up to a certain value and then reverses. With 21% graphite particles, the maximum tensile strength of ductile iron is 601 MPa. Compared with a pure sample of cast iron, the tensile strength increases by approximately 13.4% for this weight percentage of graphite particles.

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“…To further improve the comprehensive property of martensite wear‐resistant steels, the quenching and partitioning (QP) process has been widely used. [ 10–12 ] A completely austenitized steel is directly quenched to a temperature between the martensite starting temperature ( M s ) and the martensite finishing temperature ( M f ), followed by partitioning for some time at a temperature higher than M s . The QP treatment improves the toughness by increasing the amount of retained austenite (RA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Impact Wear Performances of Quenching and Partitioning and Quenching and Tempering Steels

Wei

Gan

Liu

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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A low‐carbon, high‐strength steel is treated by different quenching and partitioning (QP) and quenching and tempering (QT) routes in a salt bath furnace, and its wear performance is evaluated by impact abrasive wear tests. It is observed as compared with the traditional QT steel; the QP steel manifests better wear performance at the quenching temperature of 220 °C. Stable film‐like retained austenite (RA) and fine martensite laths improve the wear resistance of the QP steel at the quenching temperature of 220 °C, whereas unstable blocky RA formed in the QP steel at the quenching temperature of 190 °C decrease the wear resistance. In addition, the lower critical impact stress for crack initiation at the higher impact energy decreases the wear resistance; however, the relative wear resistance is improved greatly at the higher impact energy due to the better fracture toughness of the QP steel. Moreover, the correlation of wear loss, hardness, and KIC is modeled to compare the wear resistances of the test steel after different heat treatments.

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Wear behavior of a multiphase ductile iron produced by quenching and partitioning process

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Dry sliding wear of ductile and austempered ductile iron: effect of load and sliding speed

Dry sliding wear of ductile and austempered ductile iron: effect of load and sliding speed

Mechanical properties prediction of ductile iron with spherical graphite using multi-scale finite element model

Comparison of the Impact Wear Performances of Quenching and Partitioning and Quenching and Tempering Steels

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