Water scarcity and drought in WANA countries

Kharraz, Jauad El; El‐Sadek, Alaa; Ghaffour, Noreddine; Mino, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.1172

Cited by 130 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It seems to be obvious the cost of solar desalination cannot be reduced to a comparable range of conventional technologies in the near future. Also, electrical power is subsidized in most of the countries where there is lack of freshwater [1,3,22,198]. This makes water desalination technology unsustainable.…”

Section: Environmental Government Policy Limitations and Costs Consmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water desalination has become a technologically and economically viable solution to tackle the challenges associated with increasing water shortages existing in many regions of the world [1,2]. Yet, desalination is an energy intensive process normally requiring high tonnage plants that utilize expensive and non-renewable fossil fuels, which in turn contribute to global warming and air pollution [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Renewable energy-driven desalination technologies: A comprehensive review on challenges and potential applications of integrated systems

et al. 2015

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Despite the tremendous improvements in conventional desalination technologies, its wide use is still limited due primarily to high energy requirements which are currently met with expensive fossil fuels. The use of alternative energy sources is essential to meet the growing demand for water desalination. In the last few decades a lot of effort has being directed in the use of different renewable energy (RE) sources to run desalination processes. However, the expansion of these efforts towards larger scale plants is hampered by several techno-economic challenges. Several medium-scale RE-driven desalination plants have been installed worldwide. Nevertheless, most of these plants are connected to the electrical grid to assure a continuous energy supply for stable operation. Furthermore, RE is mostly used to produce electric power which can be used to run desalination systems. This review paper focusses on an integrated approach in using RE-driven with an emphasis on solar and geothermal desalination technologies. Innovative and sustainable desalination processes which are suitable for integrated RE systems are presented. An assessment of the benefits of these technologies and their limitations are also discussed.

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Section: Environmental Government Policy Limitations and Costs Consmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable energy-driven desalination technologies: A comprehensive review on challenges and potential applications of integrated systems

et al. 2015

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“…Additionally, this region has experienced increased human populations, urbanization, and elevated food consumption above the region's production capacity; as well as costly and unsustainable production (El Kharraz et al 2012). In this region, rangelands represent the single largest land use type, covering over two-thirds of the total land area with over 1.7 billion ha and provided most of the feed resources for livestock in the past (Steinfeld et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vulnerability of native rangeland plant species to global climate change in the West Asia and North African regions

Belgacem

Louhaichi²

2013

Climatic Change

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This study aimed to evaluate the impact of climate change on the geographical distribution of selected native species from two areas from West Asia and North Africa. Three species representing two genera were selected for assessment of their vulnerability to climate change. The first species was Salsola vermiculata L. which is common to both study areas. The second genus was represented by two species, Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge from the Syrian rangelands and H. schmittianum Pomel from southern Tunisia. To assess the vulnerability of these species to climate change we used ecological-based models. The data inputs were composed of the species occurrence data and the environmental data which included eight climatic layers, three soil property layers in addition to an altitude layer. Since environmental parameters only enable assessing the sensitivity of target species to climate change, a grazing pressure layer was used to assess the species vulnerability. Only climatic parameters were considered as changing across three periods; current situation, 2020 and 2050. The main results indicated that threatened range species, such as S. vermiculata which were subjected to continuous grazing pressure, showed high vulnerability to climate change as expressed by the predicted decrease in the areas of their distribution. However, species with low palatability and broad ecological niches (i.e. H. salicornicum and H. schmittianum) had an advantage due to the reduced competition for water and nutrients. An adaptation strategy to increase the resilience of the most vulnerable species should involve management of grazing pressure and the establishment of other mitigation measures.

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“…The Value Methodology (VM) [11][12][13], a systematic and structured approach, improves projects, products, and processes. VM is used to analyze design solutions, products and processes.…”

Section: The Ideamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Scrap Tires to Fight Desertification and Ration Water by Value Engineering Approach

2016

3rd International Conference on Innovative Engineering Technologies (ICIET'2016) August 5-6, 2016 Bangkok (Thailand)

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Water scarcity and drought in WANA countries

Cited by 130 publications

References 10 publications

Renewable energy-driven desalination technologies: A comprehensive review on challenges and potential applications of integrated systems

Renewable energy-driven desalination technologies: A comprehensive review on challenges and potential applications of integrated systems

The vulnerability of native rangeland plant species to global climate change in the West Asia and North African regions

Using Scrap Tires to Fight Desertification and Ration Water by Value Engineering Approach

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